GH-43846: [Python][Packaging] Remove numpy dependency from pyarrow packaging

[raulcd]

WIP

Creating the PR to validate if / what are the CI failures

Rationale for this change

Once the issue has been merged:

• [Python] Make NumPy an optional runtime dependency #25118

We do not require numpy as a pyarrow dependency.

What changes are included in this PR?

Remove numpy as a required dependency

Are these changes tested?

Via CI

Are there any user-facing changes?

Yes, pyarrow won't install numpy as a required dependency.

• GitHub Issue: [Python][Packaging] Remove numpy required dependency from pyarrow packaging #43846

[github-actions]

⚠️ GitHub issue #43846 has been automatically assigned in GitHub to PR creator.

[raulcd]

@github-actions crossbow submit -g python

[github-actions]

Revision: 2a52bce

Submitted crossbow builds: ursacomputing/crossbow @ actions-929cd4e6ac

Task	Status
example-python-minimal-build-fedora-conda
example-python-minimal-build-ubuntu-venv
test-conda-python-3.10
test-conda-python-3.10-cython2
test-conda-python-3.10-hdfs-2.9.2
test-conda-python-3.10-hdfs-3.2.1
test-conda-python-3.10-pandas-latest-numpy-latest
test-conda-python-3.10-substrait
test-conda-python-3.11
test-conda-python-3.11-dask-latest
test-conda-python-3.11-dask-upstream_devel
test-conda-python-3.11-hypothesis
test-conda-python-3.11-pandas-latest-numpy-1.26
test-conda-python-3.11-pandas-latest-numpy-latest
test-conda-python-3.11-pandas-nightly-numpy-nightly
test-conda-python-3.11-pandas-upstream_devel-numpy-nightly
test-conda-python-3.11-spark-master
test-conda-python-3.12
test-conda-python-3.12-cpython-debug
test-conda-python-3.9
test-conda-python-3.9-pandas-1.1.3-numpy-1.19.5
test-conda-python-emscripten
test-cuda-python-ubuntu-22.04-cuda-11.7.1
test-debian-12-python-3-amd64
test-debian-12-python-3-i386
test-fedora-39-python-3
test-ubuntu-22.04-python-3
test-ubuntu-22.04-python-313-freethreading
test-ubuntu-24.04-python-3

[raulcd]

@github-actions crossbow submit -g wheel

[raulcd]

@github-actions crossbow submit verify-python

[github-actions]

Revision: 2a52bce

Submitted crossbow builds: ursacomputing/crossbow @ actions-6a782cdfa6

Task	Status
verify-rc-source-python-linux-almalinux-8-amd64
verify-rc-source-python-linux-conda-latest-amd64
verify-rc-source-python-linux-ubuntu-20.04-amd64
verify-rc-source-python-linux-ubuntu-22.04-amd64
verify-rc-source-python-macos-amd64
verify-rc-source-python-macos-arm64
verify-rc-source-python-macos-conda-amd64

[github-actions]

Revision: 2a52bce

Submitted crossbow builds: ursacomputing/crossbow @ actions-09c6d448ff

Task	Status
python-sdist
wheel-macos-monterey-cp310-amd64
wheel-macos-monterey-cp310-arm64
wheel-macos-monterey-cp311-amd64
wheel-macos-monterey-cp311-arm64
wheel-macos-monterey-cp312-amd64
wheel-macos-monterey-cp312-arm64
wheel-macos-monterey-cp313-amd64
wheel-macos-monterey-cp313-arm64
wheel-macos-monterey-cp39-amd64
wheel-macos-monterey-cp39-arm64
wheel-manylinux-2-28-cp310-amd64
wheel-manylinux-2-28-cp310-arm64
wheel-manylinux-2-28-cp311-amd64
wheel-manylinux-2-28-cp311-arm64
wheel-manylinux-2-28-cp312-amd64
wheel-manylinux-2-28-cp312-arm64
wheel-manylinux-2-28-cp313-amd64
wheel-manylinux-2-28-cp313-arm64
wheel-manylinux-2-28-cp39-amd64
wheel-manylinux-2-28-cp39-arm64
wheel-manylinux-2014-cp310-amd64
wheel-manylinux-2014-cp310-arm64
wheel-manylinux-2014-cp311-amd64
wheel-manylinux-2014-cp311-arm64
wheel-manylinux-2014-cp312-amd64
wheel-manylinux-2014-cp312-arm64
wheel-manylinux-2014-cp313-amd64
wheel-manylinux-2014-cp313-arm64
wheel-manylinux-2014-cp39-amd64
wheel-manylinux-2014-cp39-arm64
wheel-windows-cp310-amd64
wheel-windows-cp311-amd64
wheel-windows-cp312-amd64
wheel-windows-cp313-amd64
wheel-windows-cp39-amd64

[raulcd]

@jorisvandenbossche is this something we want to do before 18.0.0?