-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 8
/
devguide.html
825 lines (790 loc) · 58 KB
/
devguide.html
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
<!doctype html>
<html class="no-js" lang="en" data-content_root="./">
<head><meta charset="utf-8"/>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"/>
<meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
<link rel="index" title="Index" href="genindex.html" /><link rel="search" title="Search" href="search.html" /><link rel="next" title="Xonsh Change Log" href="changelog.html" /><link rel="prev" title="Advanced Events" href="advanced_events.html" />
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="_static/magic_conch.ico"/><!-- Generated with Sphinx 7.3.7 and Furo 2024.01.29 -->
<title>Developer’s Guide - xonsh 0.18.2 documentation</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/pygments.css?v=fa44fd50" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/styles/furo.css?v=135e06be" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/graphviz.css?v=fd3f3429" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/custom.css?v=c8b63bf6" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/styles/furo-extensions.css?v=36a5483c" />
<style>
body {
--color-code-background: #eeffcc;
--color-code-foreground: black;
}
@media not print {
body[data-theme="dark"] {
--color-code-background: #202020;
--color-code-foreground: #d0d0d0;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
body:not([data-theme="light"]) {
--color-code-background: #202020;
--color-code-foreground: #d0d0d0;
}
}
}
</style></head>
<body>
<script>
document.body.dataset.theme = localStorage.getItem("theme") || "auto";
</script>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="display: none;">
<symbol id="svg-toc" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
<title>Contents</title>
<svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024">
<path d="M408 442h480c4.4 0 8-3.6 8-8v-56c0-4.4-3.6-8-8-8H408c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8v56c0 4.4 3.6 8 8 8zm-8 204c0 4.4 3.6 8 8 8h480c4.4 0 8-3.6 8-8v-56c0-4.4-3.6-8-8-8H408c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8v56zm504-486H120c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8v56c0 4.4 3.6 8 8 8h784c4.4 0 8-3.6 8-8v-56c0-4.4-3.6-8-8-8zm0 632H120c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8v56c0 4.4 3.6 8 8 8h784c4.4 0 8-3.6 8-8v-56c0-4.4-3.6-8-8-8zM115.4 518.9L271.7 642c5.8 4.6 14.4.5 14.4-6.9V388.9c0-7.4-8.5-11.5-14.4-6.9L115.4 505.1a8.74 8.74 0 0 0 0 13.8z"/>
</svg>
</symbol>
<symbol id="svg-menu" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
<title>Menu</title>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather-menu">
<line x1="3" y1="12" x2="21" y2="12"></line>
<line x1="3" y1="6" x2="21" y2="6"></line>
<line x1="3" y1="18" x2="21" y2="18"></line>
</svg>
</symbol>
<symbol id="svg-arrow-right" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
<title>Expand</title>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather-chevron-right">
<polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline>
</svg>
</symbol>
<symbol id="svg-sun" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
<title>Light mode</title>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
stroke-width="1.5" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather-sun">
<circle cx="12" cy="12" r="5"></circle>
<line x1="12" y1="1" x2="12" y2="3"></line>
<line x1="12" y1="21" x2="12" y2="23"></line>
<line x1="4.22" y1="4.22" x2="5.64" y2="5.64"></line>
<line x1="18.36" y1="18.36" x2="19.78" y2="19.78"></line>
<line x1="1" y1="12" x2="3" y2="12"></line>
<line x1="21" y1="12" x2="23" y2="12"></line>
<line x1="4.22" y1="19.78" x2="5.64" y2="18.36"></line>
<line x1="18.36" y1="5.64" x2="19.78" y2="4.22"></line>
</svg>
</symbol>
<symbol id="svg-moon" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
<title>Dark mode</title>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
stroke-width="1.5" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="icon-tabler-moon">
<path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" />
<path d="M12 3c.132 0 .263 0 .393 0a7.5 7.5 0 0 0 7.92 12.446a9 9 0 1 1 -8.313 -12.454z" />
</svg>
</symbol>
<symbol id="svg-sun-half" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
<title>Auto light/dark mode</title>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
stroke-width="1.5" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="icon-tabler-shadow">
<path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/>
<circle cx="12" cy="12" r="9" />
<path d="M13 12h5" />
<path d="M13 15h4" />
<path d="M13 18h1" />
<path d="M13 9h4" />
<path d="M13 6h1" />
</svg>
</symbol>
</svg>
<input type="checkbox" class="sidebar-toggle" name="__navigation" id="__navigation">
<input type="checkbox" class="sidebar-toggle" name="__toc" id="__toc">
<label class="overlay sidebar-overlay" for="__navigation">
<div class="visually-hidden">Hide navigation sidebar</div>
</label>
<label class="overlay toc-overlay" for="__toc">
<div class="visually-hidden">Hide table of contents sidebar</div>
</label>
<div class="page">
<header class="mobile-header">
<div class="header-left">
<label class="nav-overlay-icon" for="__navigation">
<div class="visually-hidden">Toggle site navigation sidebar</div>
<i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-menu"></use></svg></i>
</label>
</div>
<div class="header-center">
<a href="contents.html"><div class="brand">xonsh 0.18.2 documentation</div></a>
</div>
<div class="header-right">
<div class="theme-toggle-container theme-toggle-header">
<button class="theme-toggle">
<div class="visually-hidden">Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme</div>
<svg class="theme-icon-when-auto"><use href="#svg-sun-half"></use></svg>
<svg class="theme-icon-when-dark"><use href="#svg-moon"></use></svg>
<svg class="theme-icon-when-light"><use href="#svg-sun"></use></svg>
</button>
</div>
<label class="toc-overlay-icon toc-header-icon" for="__toc">
<div class="visually-hidden">Toggle table of contents sidebar</div>
<i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-toc"></use></svg></i>
</label>
</div>
</header>
<aside class="sidebar-drawer">
<div class="sidebar-container">
<div class="sidebar-sticky"><a class="sidebar-brand" href="contents.html">
<div class="sidebar-logo-container">
<img class="sidebar-logo" src="_static/ascii_conch_part_transparent_tight.png" alt="Logo"/>
</div>
<span class="sidebar-brand-text">xonsh 0.18.2 documentation</span>
</a><form class="sidebar-search-container" method="get" action="search.html" role="search">
<input class="sidebar-search" placeholder="Search" name="q" aria-label="Search">
<input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes">
<input type="hidden" name="area" value="default">
</form>
<div id="searchbox"></div><div class="sidebar-scroll"><div class="sidebar-tree">
<ul>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="packages.html">Package Manager</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="appimage.html">AppImage</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="containers.html">Docker container</a></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial.html">Tutorial</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial_hist.html">Tutorial: History</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial_macros.html">Tutorial: Macros</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial_xontrib.html">Tutorial: Extensions (Xontribs)</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial_xonsh_projects.html">Tutorial: Xonsh Projects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial_events.html">Tutorial: Events</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial_completers.html">Tutorial: Programmable Tab-Completion</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial_history_backend.html">Tutorial: Write Your Own History Backend</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial_subproc_strings.html">Tutorial: Subprocess Strings</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial_ptk.html">Tutorial: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">prompt_toolkit</span></code> custom keybindings</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="bash_to_xsh.html">Bash to Xonsh Translation Guide</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="editors.html">Editor and IDE Support</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="subproc_types.html">Subprocess Types Table</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="python_virtual_environments.html">Python Virtual Environments</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="keyboard_shortcuts.html">Keyboard Shortcuts</a></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="xonshrc.html">Run Control File</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="customization.html">Updating and customizing xonsh</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="envvars.html">Environment Variables</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="aliases.html">Built-in Aliases</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="events.html">Core Events</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="platform-issues.html">Platform-specific tips and tricks</a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="current">
<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="api/index.html">Xonsh API</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-1" name="toctree-checkbox-1" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-1"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of Xonsh API</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/lang/xonsh.parser.html">xonsh.parser</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/lang/xonsh.execer.html">xonsh.execer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/lang/xonsh.imphooks.html">xonsh.imphooks</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.built_ins.html">xonsh.built_ins</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.environ.html">xonsh.environ</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.aliases.html">xonsh.aliases</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.dirstack.html">xonsh.dirstack</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.procs.html">xonsh.procs</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-2" name="toctree-checkbox-2" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-2"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of xonsh.procs</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.procs.executables.html">xonsh.procs.executables</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.procs.jobs.html">xonsh.procs.jobs</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.procs.pipelines.html">xonsh.procs.pipelines</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.procs.posix.html">xonsh.procs.posix</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.procs.proxies.html">xonsh.procs.proxies</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.procs.readers.html">xonsh.procs.readers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.procs.specs.html">xonsh.procs.specs</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.history.html">xonsh.history</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-3" name="toctree-checkbox-3" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-3"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of xonsh.history</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.history.base.html">xonsh.history.base</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.history.diff_history.html">xonsh.history.diff_history</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.history.dummy.html">xonsh.history.dummy</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.history.json.html">xonsh.history.json</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.history.main.html">xonsh.history.main</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.history.sqlite.html">xonsh.history.sqlite</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.completer.html">xonsh.completer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.completers.html">xonsh.completers</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-4" name="toctree-checkbox-4" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-4"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of xonsh.completers</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.completers.base.html">xonsh.completers.base</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.completers.bash.html">xonsh.completers.bash</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.completers.bash_completion.html">xonsh.completers.bash_completion</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.completers.commands.html">xonsh.completers.commands</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.completers.completer.html">xonsh.completers.completer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.completers.dirs.html">xonsh.completers.dirs</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.completers.environment.html">xonsh.completers.environment</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.completers.imports.html">xonsh.completers.imports</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.completers.init.html">xonsh.completers.init</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.completers.man.html">xonsh.completers.man</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.completers.path.html">xonsh.completers.path</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.completers.python.html">xonsh.completers.python</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.completers.tools.html">xonsh.completers.tools</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.prompt.html">xonsh.prompt</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-5" name="toctree-checkbox-5" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-5"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of xonsh.prompt</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.prompt.base.html">xonsh.prompt.base</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.prompt.cwd.html">xonsh.prompt.cwd</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.prompt.env.html">xonsh.prompt.env</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.prompt.gitstatus.html">xonsh.prompt.gitstatus</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.prompt.job.html">xonsh.prompt.job</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.prompt.times.html">xonsh.prompt.times</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.prompt.vc.html">xonsh.prompt.vc</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.shells.html">xonsh.shells</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-6" name="toctree-checkbox-6" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-6"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of xonsh.shells</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.shells.base_shell.html">xonsh.shells.base_shell</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.shells.dumb_shell.html">xonsh.shells.dumb_shell</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.shells.ptk_shell.html">xonsh.shells.ptk_shell</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-7" name="toctree-checkbox-7" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-7"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of xonsh.shells.ptk_shell</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.shells.ptk_shell.completer.html">xonsh.shells.ptk_shell.completer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.shells.ptk_shell.formatter.html">xonsh.shells.ptk_shell.formatter</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.shells.ptk_shell.history.html">xonsh.shells.ptk_shell.history</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.shells.ptk_shell.key_bindings.html">xonsh.shells.ptk_shell.key_bindings</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.shells.ptk_shell.updator.html">xonsh.shells.ptk_shell.updator</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.shells.readline_shell.html">xonsh.shells.readline_shell</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.ptk_shell.html">xonsh.ptk_shell</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.xoreutils.html">xonsh.xoreutils</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-8" name="toctree-checkbox-8" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-8"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of xonsh.xoreutils</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.xoreutils.cat.html">xonsh.xoreutils.cat</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.xoreutils.echo.html">xonsh.xoreutils.echo</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.xoreutils.pwd.html">xonsh.xoreutils.pwd</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.xoreutils.tee.html">xonsh.xoreutils.tee</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.xoreutils.tty.html">xonsh.xoreutils.tty</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.xoreutils.ulimit.html">xonsh.xoreutils.ulimit</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.xoreutils.umask.html">xonsh.xoreutils.umask</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.xoreutils.uname.html">xonsh.xoreutils.uname</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.xoreutils.uptime.html">xonsh.xoreutils.uptime</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.xoreutils.util.html">xonsh.xoreutils.util</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.xoreutils.which.html">xonsh.xoreutils.which</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/cmd/xonsh.xoreutils.yes.html">xonsh.xoreutils.yes</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.events.html">xonsh.events</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.lib.html">xonsh.lib</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-9" name="toctree-checkbox-9" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-9"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of xonsh.lib</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.lib.collections.html">xonsh.lib.collections</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.lib.inspectors.html">xonsh.lib.inspectors</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.lib.itertools.html">xonsh.lib.itertools</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.lib.jsonutils.html">xonsh.lib.jsonutils</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.lib.lazyasd.html">xonsh.lib.lazyasd</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.lib.lazyimps.html">xonsh.lib.lazyimps</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.lib.lazyjson.html">xonsh.lib.lazyjson</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.lib.modules.html">xonsh.lib.modules</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.lib.openpy.html">xonsh.lib.openpy</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.lib.os.html">xonsh.lib.os</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.lib.pretty.html">xonsh.lib.pretty</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.lib.subprocess.html">xonsh.lib.subprocess</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.tools.html">xonsh.tools</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.platform.html">xonsh.platform</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.lazyjson.html">xonsh.lazyjson</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.lazyasd.html">xonsh.lazyasd</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.foreign_shells.html">xonsh.foreign_shells</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.commands_cache.html">xonsh.commands_cache</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.tracer.html">xonsh.tracer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.main.html">xonsh.main</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.color_tools.html">xonsh.color_tools</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.pyghooks.html">xonsh.pyghooks</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.wizard.html">xonsh.wizard</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.xonfig.html">xonsh.xonfig</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.xontribs.html">xonsh.xontribs</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.codecache.html">xonsh.codecache</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/helpers/xonsh.contexts.html">xonsh.contexts</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/xontribs/xontrib.html">xontrib</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-10" name="toctree-checkbox-10" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-10"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of xontrib</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="api/_autosummary/xontribs/xontrib.coreutils.html">xontrib.coreutils</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="advanced_events.html">Advanced Events</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1 current current-page"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">Developer’s Guide</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html">Xonsh Change Log</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="faq.html">Frequently Asked Questions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="todo.html">Wishlist & To-Dos</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</aside>
<div class="main">
<div class="content">
<div class="article-container">
<a href="#" class="back-to-top muted-link">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
<path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8v12z"></path>
</svg>
<span>Back to top</span>
</a>
<div class="content-icon-container">
<div class="edit-this-page">
<a class="muted-link" href="https://github.com/xonsh/xonsh/edit/main/docs/devguide.rst" title="Edit this page">
<svg aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round">
<path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/>
<path d="M4 20h4l10.5 -10.5a1.5 1.5 0 0 0 -4 -4l-10.5 10.5v4" />
<line x1="13.5" y1="6.5" x2="17.5" y2="10.5" />
</svg>
<span class="visually-hidden">Edit this page</span>
</a>
</div><div class="theme-toggle-container theme-toggle-content">
<button class="theme-toggle">
<div class="visually-hidden">Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme</div>
<svg class="theme-icon-when-auto"><use href="#svg-sun-half"></use></svg>
<svg class="theme-icon-when-dark"><use href="#svg-moon"></use></svg>
<svg class="theme-icon-when-light"><use href="#svg-sun"></use></svg>
</button>
</div>
<label class="toc-overlay-icon toc-content-icon" for="__toc">
<div class="visually-hidden">Toggle table of contents sidebar</div>
<i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-toc"></use></svg></i>
</label>
</div>
<article role="main">
<section id="developer-s-guide">
<span id="devguide"></span><h1>Developer’s Guide<a class="headerlink" href="#developer-s-guide" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>
<a class="reference internal image-reference" href="_images/knight-vs-snail.jpg"><img alt="knight-vs-snail" class="align-center" src="_images/knight-vs-snail.jpg" style="width: 80%;" />
</a>
<p>Welcome to the xonsh developer’s guide! This is a place for developers to
place information that does not belong in the user’s guide or the library
reference but is useful or necessary for the next people that come along to
develop xonsh.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>All code changes must go through the pull request review procedure.</p>
</div>
<section id="making-your-first-change">
<h2>Making Your First Change<a class="headerlink" href="#making-your-first-change" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>xonsh requires at least <cite>pip 24.0</cite> for <cite>pyproject.toml</cite> support. You can upgrade old versions using <cite>pip install -U pip</cite>.</p>
</div>
<p>First, install xonsh from source and open a xonsh shell in your favorite
terminal application. See installation instructions for details, but it
is recommended to do an ‘editable’ install via <a href="#id1"><span class="problematic" id="id2">`</span></a>pip’</p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>$ pip install -e .[dev]</p>
</div></blockquote>
<p>Next, make a trivial change (e.g. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">print("hello!")</span></code> in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">main.py</span></code>).</p>
<p>Finally, run the following commands. You should see the effects of your change
(e.g. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">hello!</span></code>):</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ $XONSH_DEBUG=1
$ xonsh
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="changelog">
<h2>Changelog<a class="headerlink" href="#changelog" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>Pull requests will often have CHANGELOG entries associated with. However,
to avoid excessive merge conflicts, please follow the following procedure:</p>
<ol class="arabic">
<li><p>Go into the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">news/</span></code> directory,</p></li>
<li><p>Copy the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TEMPLATE.rst</span></code> file to another file in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">news/</span></code> directory.
We suggest using the branchname:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">@</span> <span class="n">cp</span> <span class="n">TEMPLATE</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rst</span> <span class="n">branch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rst</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>Add your entries as a bullet pointed lists in your <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">branch.rst</span></code> file in
the appropriate category. It is OK to leave the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> entries for later
use.</p></li>
<li><p>Commit your <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">branch.rst</span></code>.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Feel free to update this file whenever you want! Please don’t use someone
else’s file name. All of the files in this <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">news/</span></code> directory will be merged
automatically at release time. The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> entries will be automatically
filtered out too!</p>
</section>
<section id="style-guide">
<h2>Style Guide<a class="headerlink" href="#style-guide" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>xonsh is a pure Python project, and so we use PEP8 (with some additions) to
ensure consistency throughout the code base.</p>
<section id="rules-to-write-by">
<h3>Rules to Write By<a class="headerlink" href="#rules-to-write-by" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>It is important to refer to things and concepts by their most specific name.
When writing xonsh code or documentation please use technical terms
appropriately. The following rules help provide needed clarity.</p>
<section id="interfaces">
<h4>Interfaces<a class="headerlink" href="#interfaces" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h4>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>User-facing APIs should be as generic and robust as possible.</p></li>
<li><p>Tests belong in the top-level <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tests</span></code> directory.</p></li>
<li><p>Documentation belongs in the top-level <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">docs</span></code> directory.</p></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="expectations">
<h4>Expectations<a class="headerlink" href="#expectations" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h4>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Code must have associated tests and adequate documentation.</p></li>
<li><p>User-interaction code (such as the Shell class) is hard to test.
Mechanism to test such constructs should be developed over time.</p></li>
<li><p>Have <em>extreme</em> empathy for your users.</p></li>
<li><p>Be selfish. Since you will be writing tests you will be your first user.</p></li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section id="python-style-guide">
<h3>Python Style Guide<a class="headerlink" href="#python-style-guide" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>xonsh follows <a class="reference external" href="https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/">PEP8</a> for all Python code. The following rules apply where
<a class="reference external" href="https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/">PEP8</a> is open to interpretation.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Use absolute imports (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">import</span> <span class="pre">xonsh.tools</span></code>) rather than explicit
relative imports (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">import</span> <span class="pre">.tools</span></code>). Implicit relative imports
(<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">import</span> <span class="pre">tools</span></code>) are never allowed.</p></li>
<li><p>We use sphinx with the numpydoc extension to autogenerate API documentation. Follow
the <a href="#id5"><span class="problematic" id="id6">`numpydoc`_</span></a> standard for docstrings.</p></li>
<li><p>Simple functions should have simple docstrings.</p></li>
<li><p>Lines should be at most 80 characters long. The 72 and 79 character
recommendations from PEP8 are not required here.</p></li>
<li><p>All Python code should be compliant with Python 3.8+.</p></li>
<li><p>Tests should be written with <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.pytest.org/">pytest</a> using a procedural style. Do not use
unittest directly or write tests in an object-oriented style.</p></li>
<li><p>Test generators make more dots and the dots must flow!</p></li>
<li><p>We use <a class="reference external" href="https://pre-commit.com/">pre-commit</a> for linting (ruff-lint) and formatting(ruff-format) the code.
To enable this as a git pre-commit hook:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">@</span> <span class="n">pre</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">commit</span> <span class="n">install</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<section id="imports">
<h4>Imports<a class="headerlink" href="#imports" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h4>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xonsh</span></code> imports should be sorted alphabetically, and by module location. You
can (and should) use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">isort</span></code> either from the command line or use the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pre-commit</span></code> hook.</p>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section id="how-to-test">
<h2>How to Test<a class="headerlink" href="#how-to-test" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<section id="docker">
<h3>Docker<a class="headerlink" href="#docker" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>If you want to run your “work in progress version” without installing
and in a fresh environment you can use Docker. If Docker is installed
you just have to run this:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">@</span> <span class="n">python</span> <span class="n">xonsh</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="ow">in</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">docker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>This will build and run the current state of the repository in an isolated
container (it may take a while the first time you run it). There are two
additional arguments you can pass this script.</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>The version of python</p></li>
<li><p>the version of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">prompt_toolkit</span></code></p></li>
</ul>
<p>Example:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">@</span> <span class="n">python</span> <span class="n">docker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span> <span class="mf">3.4</span> <span class="mf">0.57</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Ensure your cwd is the root directory of the project (i.e., the one containing the
.git directory).</p>
</section>
<section id="dependencies">
<h3>Dependencies<a class="headerlink" href="#dependencies" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>Prep your environment for running the tests:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">@</span> <span class="n">pip</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">e</span> <span class="s1">'.[dev]'</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="running-the-tests-basic">
<h3>Running the Tests - Basic<a class="headerlink" href="#running-the-tests-basic" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>Run all the tests using pytest:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">@</span> <span class="n">pytest</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">q</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Use “-q” to keep pytest from outputting a bunch of info for every test.</p>
</section>
<section id="running-the-tests-advanced">
<h3>Running the Tests - Advanced<a class="headerlink" href="#running-the-tests-advanced" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>To perform all unit tests:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">@</span> <span class="n">pytest</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If you want to run specific tests you can specify the test names to
execute. For example to run test_aliases:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">@</span> <span class="n">pytest</span> <span class="n">test_aliases</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Note that you can pass multiple test names in the above examples:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">@</span> <span class="n">pytest</span> <span class="n">test_aliases</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span> <span class="n">test_environ</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="writing-the-tests-advanced">
<h3>Writing the Tests - Advanced<a class="headerlink" href="#writing-the-tests-advanced" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>(refer to pytest documentation)</p>
<p>With the Pytest framework you can use bare <cite>assert</cite> statements on
anything you’re trying to test, note that the name of the test function
has to be prefixed with <cite>test_</cite>:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_whatever</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">is_true_or_false</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The conftest.py in tests directory defines fixtures for mocking various
parts of xonsh for more test isolation. For a list of the various fixtures:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">@</span> <span class="n">pytest</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">fixtures</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>when writing tests it’s best to use pytest features i.e. parametrization:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nd">@pytest</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mark</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">parametrize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'env'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">test_env1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">test_env2</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_one</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">env</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">xession</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="c1"># update the environment variables instead of setting the attribute</span>
<span class="c1"># which could result in leaks to other tests.</span>
<span class="c1"># each run will have the same set of default env variables set.</span>
<span class="n">xession</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">env</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">update</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">env</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="o">...</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>this will run the test two times each time with the respective <cite>test_env</cite>.
This can be done with a for loop too but the test will run
only once for the different test cases and you get less isolation.</p>
<p>With that in mind, each test should have the least <cite>assert</cite> statements,
preferably one.</p>
<p>At the moment, xonsh doesn’t support any pytest plugins.</p>
<p>Happy Testing!</p>
</section>
</section>
<section id="how-to-document">
<h2>How to Document<a class="headerlink" href="#how-to-document" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>Documentation takes many forms. This will guide you through the steps of
successful documentation.</p>
<section id="docstrings">
<h3>Docstrings<a class="headerlink" href="#docstrings" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>No matter what language you are writing in, you should always have
documentation strings along with you code. This is so important that it is
part of the style guide. When writing in Python, your docstrings should be
in reStructured Text using the <a href="#id7"><span class="problematic" id="id8">`numpydoc`_</span></a> format.</p>
</section>
<section id="auto-documentation-hooks">
<h3>Auto-Documentation Hooks<a class="headerlink" href="#auto-documentation-hooks" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>The docstrings that you have written will automatically be connected to the
website, once the appropriate hooks have been setup. At this stage, all
documentation lives within xonsh’s top-level <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">docs</span></code> directory.
We uses the sphinx tool to manage and generate the documentation, which
you can learn about from <a class="reference external" href="http://sphinx-doc.org/">the sphinx website</a>.
If you want to generate the documentation, first xonsh itself must be installed
and then you may run the following command from the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">docs</span></code> dir:</p>
<div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="go">~/xonsh/docs @ make html</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>For each new
module, you will have to supply the appropriate hooks. This should be done the
first time that the module appears in a pull request. From here, call the
new module <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mymod</span></code>. The following explains how to add hooks.</p>
</section>
<section id="python-hooks">
<h3>Python Hooks<a class="headerlink" href="#python-hooks" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>Python API documentation is generated for the entries in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">docs/api.rst</span></code>.
<a class="reference external" href="https://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/usage/extensions/autosummary.html">sphinx-autosummary</a>
is used to generate documentation for the modules.
Mention your module <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mymod</span></code> under appropriate header.
This will discover all of the docstrings in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mymod</span></code> and create the
appropriate webpage.</p>
</section>
</section>
<section id="building-the-website">
<h2>Building the Website<a class="headerlink" href="#building-the-website" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>Building the website/documentation requires the following dependencies:</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="http://sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://pradyunsg.me/furo/">Furo Theme</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://numpydoc.readthedocs.io/">numpydoc</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://myst-parser.readthedocs.io">MyST Parser</a></p></li>
</ol>
<p>Note that xonsh itself needs to be installed too.</p>
<p>If you have cloned the git repository, you can install all of the doc-related
dependencies by running:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">@</span> <span class="n">pip</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">e</span> <span class="s2">".[doc]"</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<section id="procedure-for-modifying-the-website">
<h3>Procedure for modifying the website<a class="headerlink" href="#procedure-for-modifying-the-website" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>The xonsh website source files are located in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">docs</span></code> directory.
A developer first makes necessary changes, then rebuilds the website locally
by executing the command:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">@</span> <span class="n">make</span> <span class="n">html</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>This will generate html files for the website in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_build/html/</span></code> folder.</p>
<p>There is also a helper utility in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">docs/</span></code> folder that will watch for changes and automatically rebuild the documentation. You can use this instead of running <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">html</span></code> manually:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">@</span> <span class="n">python</span> <span class="n">docs</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">serve_docs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The developer may view the local changes by opening these files with their
favorite browser, e.g.:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">@</span> <span class="n">firefox</span> <span class="n">_build</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">html</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">html</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Once the developer is satisfied with the changes, the changes should be
committed and pull-requested per usual. The docs are built and deployed using
GitHub Actions.</p>
<p>Docs associated with the latest release are hosted at
<a class="reference external" href="https://xon.sh">https://xon.sh</a> while docs for the current <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">main</span></code> branch are available at
<a class="reference external" href="https://xon.sh/dev">https://xon.sh/dev</a></p>
</section>
</section>
<section id="branches-and-releases">
<h2>Branches and Releases<a class="headerlink" href="#branches-and-releases" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>Mainline xonsh development occurs on the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">main</span></code> branch. Other branches
may be used for feature development (topical branches) or to represent
past and upcoming releases.</p>
<section id="maintenance-tasks">
<h3>Maintenance Tasks<a class="headerlink" href="#maintenance-tasks" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>You can cleanup your local repository of transient files such as *.pyc files
created by unit testing by running:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">@</span> <span class="n">rm</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">f</span> <span class="n">xonsh</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">parser_table</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span> <span class="n">xonsh</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">completion_parser_table</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span>
<span class="o">@</span> <span class="n">rm</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">f</span> <span class="n">xonsh</span><span class="o">/*.</span><span class="n">pyc</span> <span class="n">tests</span><span class="o">/*.</span><span class="n">pyc</span>
<span class="o">@</span> <span class="n">rm</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">fr</span> <span class="n">build</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="performing-the-release">
<h3>Performing the Release<a class="headerlink" href="#performing-the-release" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>This is done through the <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/regro/rever">rever</a>. To get a list of the
valid options use:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">@</span> <span class="n">pip</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">re</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">ver</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You can perform a full release:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">@</span> <span class="n">rever</span> <span class="n">check</span>
<span class="o">@</span> <span class="n">rever</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">version</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">number</span><span class="o">></span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="cross-platform-testing">
<h3>Cross-platform testing<a class="headerlink" href="#cross-platform-testing" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>Most of the time, an actual VM machine is needed to test the nuances of cross platform testing.
But alas here are some other ways to test things</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li><p>Windows</p></li>
</ol>
<blockquote>
<div><ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.winehq.org/">wine</a> can be used to emulate the development environment. It provides cmd.exe with its default installation.</p></li>
</ul>
</div></blockquote>
<ol class="arabic simple" start="2">
<li><p>OS X</p></li>
</ol>
<blockquote>
<div><ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.darlinghq.org/">darlinghq</a> can be used to emulate the development environment for Linux users.
Windows users can use Linux inside a virtual machine or WSL to run the same.</p></li>
<li><p><cite>OSX KVM <https://github.com/kholia/OSX-KVM></cite> can be used for virtualization.</p></li>
</ul>
</div></blockquote>
<ol class="arabic simple" start="3">
<li><p>Linux</p></li>
</ol>
<blockquote>
<div><ul class="simple">
<li><p>It far easier to test things for Linux. <a class="reference external" href="https://www.docker.com/">docker</a> is available on all three platforms.</p></li>
</ul>
</div></blockquote>
<p>One can leverage the Github Actions to provide a reverse shell to test things out.
Solutions like <a class="reference external" href="https://mxschmitt.github.io/action-tmate/">actions-tmate</a> are available,
but they should not in any way violate the Github Action policies.</p>
</section>
</section>
<section id="document-history">
<h2>Document History<a class="headerlink" href="#document-history" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>Portions of this page have been forked from the PyNE documentation,
Copyright 2011-2015, the PyNE Development Team. All rights reserved.</p>
</section>
</section>
</article>
</div>
<footer>
<div class="related-pages">
<a class="next-page" href="changelog.html">
<div class="page-info">
<div class="context">
<span>Next</span>
</div>
<div class="title">Xonsh Change Log</div>
</div>
<svg class="furo-related-icon"><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg>
</a>
<a class="prev-page" href="advanced_events.html">
<svg class="furo-related-icon"><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg>
<div class="page-info">
<div class="context">
<span>Previous</span>
</div>
<div class="title">Advanced Events</div>
</div>
</a>
</div>
<div class="bottom-of-page">
<div class="left-details">
<div class="copyright">
Copyright © 2015, Anthony Scopatz
</div>
Made with <a href="https://www.sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> and <a class="muted-link" href="https://pradyunsg.me">@pradyunsg</a>'s
<a href="https://github.com/pradyunsg/furo">Furo</a>
</div>
<div class="right-details">
</div>
</div>
</footer>
</div>
<aside class="toc-drawer">
<div class="toc-sticky toc-scroll">
<div class="toc-title-container">
<span class="toc-title">
On this page
</span>
</div>
<div class="toc-tree-container">
<div class="toc-tree">
<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Developer’s Guide</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#making-your-first-change">Making Your First Change</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#changelog">Changelog</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#style-guide">Style Guide</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#rules-to-write-by">Rules to Write By</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#interfaces">Interfaces</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#expectations">Expectations</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#python-style-guide">Python Style Guide</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#imports">Imports</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#how-to-test">How to Test</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#docker">Docker</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#dependencies">Dependencies</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#running-the-tests-basic">Running the Tests - Basic</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#running-the-tests-advanced">Running the Tests - Advanced</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#writing-the-tests-advanced">Writing the Tests - Advanced</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#how-to-document">How to Document</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#docstrings">Docstrings</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#auto-documentation-hooks">Auto-Documentation Hooks</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#python-hooks">Python Hooks</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#building-the-website">Building the Website</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#procedure-for-modifying-the-website">Procedure for modifying the website</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#branches-and-releases">Branches and Releases</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#maintenance-tasks">Maintenance Tasks</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#performing-the-release">Performing the Release</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#cross-platform-testing">Cross-platform testing</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#document-history">Document History</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</aside>
</div>
</div><script src="_static/documentation_options.js?v=29ae757a"></script>
<script src="_static/doctools.js?v=9a2dae69"></script>
<script src="_static/sphinx_highlight.js?v=dc90522c"></script>
<script src="_static/scripts/furo.js?v=32e29ea5"></script>
<script src="_static/runthis-client.min.js?v=ad2a40d9"></script>
</body>
</html>