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From: <Saved by Blink>
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Environment
Conservation
Ocean
‘Dark oxygen’ on ocean floor may rewrite Earth’s origins of life
Deep sea nodules could be making their own oxygen without sunlight.
By Andrew Paul
Posted on Jul 22, 2024 11:00 AM EDT
4 minute read
Polymetallic nodules scattered across bottom of the ocean floor
The formations can be found as deep as 20,000 feet below the ocean's surface. Credit: Wikipedia Commons
It’s one of the earliest things you learn in elementary school science class—Earth’s life-sustaining oxygen is produced by plants and algae during photosynthesis using a combination of carbon dioxide and sunlight. But the recent discovery of what researchers call “dark oxygen” may upend conventional notions of how the critical element can be created–and what that might mean for the origins of life.
According to a study published in Nature Geoscience on July 22, natural mineral deposits known as polymetallic nodules located at the bottom of the ocean appear capable of generating oxygen without any source of light. These nodules are found as far as 20,000 feet below the ocean surface and range in size from particles to nodules as large as a human hand. Because they contain combinations of cobalt, copper, lithium, and manganese, they have long been eyed by large-scale mining companies as a potential untapped source of coveted metals needed to produce batteries and other electronics. 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25.4983L16.071 22.9985V17.9991Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div></div></div></div></div><div class="group/conversation-turn relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn"><div class="flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3"><div class="flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full"><div data-message-author-role="assistant" data-message-id="f733e30f-76e0-4c1e-9a9d-63d19869587a" dir="auto" class="min-h-[20px] text-message flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&]:mt-5 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden first:pt-[3px]"><div class="markdown prose w-full break-words dark:prose-invert dark"><p>The discovery of "dark oxygen" produced by polymetallic nodules at the ocean floor is a fascinating development that challenges the traditional understanding of how oxygen is generated. Typically, we think of oxygen production as tied directly to photosynthesis, a process reliant on sunlight and carried out by plants and algae. However, these nodules, situated as deep as 20,000 feet below the ocean's surface and containing minerals like cobalt, copper, lithium, and manganese, seem to be generating oxygen in the absence of any light.</p><p>This process could significantly impact our understanding of life's potential origins and sustainability on Earth and other celestial bodies. If oxygen can be produced in such deep, dark environments, it might suggest alternative biochemical pathways for life that don't rely on sunlight. Additionally, this discovery could have implications for the search for life in similar environments on other planets, where light is scarce or non-existent.</p><p>The presence of these nodules also highlights the ongoing tension between industrial interests and environmental conservation. While these nodules are a promising source of metals critical for modern electronics and batteries, their role in generating "dark oxygen" and potentially supporting unique ecosystems may necessitate careful consideration and regulation of deep-sea mining activities.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="mt-1 flex gap-3 empty:hidden -ml-2"><div class="items-center justify-start rounded-xl p-1 z-10 -mt-1 bg-token-main-surface-primary md:absolute md:border md:border-token-border-light md:hidden"><div class="flex items-center"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11 4.91a.5.5 0 0 0-.838-.369L6.676 7.737A1 1 0 0 1 6 8H4a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v6a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h2a1 1 0 0 1 .676.263l3.486 3.196A.5.5 0 0 0 11 19.09zM8.81 3.067C10.415 1.597 13 2.735 13 4.91v14.18c0 2.175-2.586 3.313-4.19 1.843L5.612 18H4a3 3 0 0 1-3-3V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h1.611zm11.507 3.29a1 1 0 0 1 1.355.401A10.96 10.96 0 0 1 23 12c0 1.85-.458 3.597-1.268 5.13a1 1 0 1 1-1.768-.934A8.96 8.96 0 0 0 21 12a8.96 8.96 0 0 0-1.085-4.287 1 1 0 0 1 .402-1.356M15.799 7.9a1 1 0 0 1 1.4.2 6.48 6.48 0 0 1 1.3 3.9c0 1.313-.39 2.537-1.06 3.56a1 1 0 0 1-1.673-1.096A4.47 4.47 0 0 0 16.5 12a4.47 4.47 0 0 0-.9-2.7 1 1 0 0 1 .2-1.4" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7 5a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h9a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v9a3 3 0 0 1-3 3h-2v2a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H5a3 3 0 0 1-3-3v-9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h2zm2 2h5a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v5h2a1 1 0 0 0 1-1V5a1 1 0 0 0-1-1h-9a1 1 0 0 0-1 1zM5 9a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v9a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h9a1 1 0 0 0 1-1v-9a1 1 0 0 0-1-1z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span><div class="flex"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.873 21.496a1 1 0 0 1-.992.496l-.454-.056A4 4 0 0 1 7.1 16.79L7.65 15h-.718c-2.637 0-4.553-2.508-3.859-5.052l1.364-5A4 4 0 0 1 8.296 2h9.709a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v7a3 3 0 0 1-3 3h-2c-.26 0-.5.14-.628.364zM14.005 4h-5.71a2 2 0 0 0-1.929 1.474l-1.363 5A2 2 0 0 0 6.933 13h2.072a1 1 0 0 1 .955 1.294l-.949 3.084a2 2 0 0 0 1.462 2.537l3.167-5.543a2.72 2.72 0 0 1 1.364-1.182V5a1 1 0 0 0-1-1m3 9V5c0-.35-.06-.687-.171-1h1.17a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v7a1 1 0 0 1-1 1z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span></div><span class="" data-state="closed"><button type="button" id="radix-:r4u:" aria-haspopup="menu" aria-expanded="false" data-state="closed" class="cursor-pointer h-[30px] rounded-md px-1 text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><div class="flex items-center pb-0"><div class="[&_svg]:h-full [&_svg]:w-full icon-md h-4 w-4"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" d="M12.001 1.5a1 1 0 0 1 .993.887c.313 2.77 1.153 4.775 2.5 6.146 1.34 1.366 3.3 2.223 6.095 2.47a1 1 0 0 1-.003 1.993c-2.747.238-4.75 1.094-6.123 2.467-1.373 1.374-2.229 3.376-2.467 6.123a1 1 0 0 1-1.992.003c-.248-2.795-1.105-4.754-2.47-6.095-1.372-1.347-3.376-2.187-6.147-2.5a1 1 0 0 1-.002-1.987c2.818-.325 4.779-1.165 6.118-2.504 1.339-1.34 2.179-3.3 2.504-6.118A1 1 0 0 1 12 1.5ZM6.725 11.998c1.234.503 2.309 1.184 3.21 2.069.877.861 1.56 1.888 2.063 3.076.5-1.187 1.18-2.223 2.051-3.094.871-.87 1.907-1.55 3.094-2.05-1.188-.503-2.215-1.187-3.076-2.064-.885-.901-1.566-1.976-2.069-3.21-.505 1.235-1.19 2.3-2.081 3.192-.891.89-1.957 1.576-3.192 2.082Z"></path></svg></div><span class="overflow-hidden text-clip whitespace-nowrap text-sm" style="opacity: 0; padding-left: 0px; width: 0px;">4</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-sm text-token-text-quaternary"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.293 9.293a1 1 0 0 1 1.414 0L12 14.586l5.293-5.293a1 1 0 1 1 1.414 1.414l-6 6a1 1 0 0 1-1.414 0l-6-6a1 1 0 0 1 0-1.414" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div></button></span></div></div></div><div class="pr-2 lg:pr-0"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="w-full text-token-text-primary" dir="auto" data-testid="conversation-turn-4" data-scroll-anchor="false"><div class="text-base py-[18px] px-3 md:px-4 m-auto md:px-5 lg:px-1 xl:px-5"><div class="mx-auto flex flex-1 gap-4 text-base md:gap-5 lg:gap-6 md:max-w-3xl lg:max-w-[40rem] xl:max-w-[48rem]"><div class="group/conversation-turn relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col"><div class="flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3"><div class="flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full"><div data-message-author-role="user" data-message-id="bbb21111-1409-4d70-861c-e49624f426ae" dir="auto" class="min-h-[20px] text-message flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&]:mt-5 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden items-end rtl:items-start"><div class="relative max-w-[70%] rounded-3xl bg-[#f4f4f4] px-5 py-2.5 dark:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><div>The first indications that something strange was occuring within polymetallic nodules arrived over 10 years ago in a northeastern region of the Pacific Ocean. While on a sampling expedition in the area’s mountainous submarine ridge known as the Clarion-Clipperton Zone, Andrew Sweetman of the Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS) noticed odd readings on his equipment.</div><div class="absolute bottom-0 right-full top-0 -mr-3.5 hidden pr-5 pt-1 [.group\/conversation-turn:hover_&]:block"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button aria-label="Editar mensaje" class="flex h-9 w-9 items-center justify-center rounded-full text-token-text-secondary transition hover:bg-token-main-surface-tertiary"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.293 4.293a4.536 4.536 0 1 1 6.414 6.414l-1 1-7.094 7.094A5 5 0 0 1 8.9 20.197l-4.736.79a1 1 0 0 1-1.15-1.151l.789-4.736a5 5 0 0 1 1.396-2.713zM13 7.414l-6.386 6.387a3 3 0 0 0-.838 1.628l-.56 3.355 3.355-.56a3 3 0 0 0 1.628-.837L16.586 11zm5 2.172L14.414 6l.293-.293a2.536 2.536 0 0 1 3.586 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25.4983L16.071 22.9985V17.9991Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div></div></div></div></div><div class="group/conversation-turn relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn"><div class="flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3"><div class="flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full"><div data-message-author-role="assistant" data-message-id="ffe18641-fed3-46b8-9ebe-04a7f2721943" dir="auto" class="min-h-[20px] text-message flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&]:mt-5 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden first:pt-[3px]"><div class="markdown prose w-full break-words dark:prose-invert dark"><p>Andrew Sweetman's discovery over a decade ago in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone marks a pivotal moment in marine science, suggesting early signs of unconventional oxygen production deep in the ocean. This area, a vast submarine ridge in the northeastern Pacific Ocean, is rich in polymetallic nodules and has been a focal point for marine research. The odd readings Sweetman observed on his equipment likely hinted at chemical processes or environmental conditions not fully understood at the time. These findings have since culminated in the realization that these deep-sea nodules could produce oxygen independent of sunlight—a revelation that could rewrite parts of the scientific understanding of Earth's biochemistry and the potential for life in extreme environments. Such insights not only deepen our knowledge of Earth's own mysteries but also expand the possibilities for life beyond our planet, particularly in similarly dark and isolated conditions elsewhere in the cosmos.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="mt-1 flex gap-3 empty:hidden -ml-2"><div class="items-center justify-start rounded-xl p-1 z-10 -mt-1 bg-token-main-surface-primary md:absolute md:border md:border-token-border-light md:hidden"><div class="flex items-center"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11 4.91a.5.5 0 0 0-.838-.369L6.676 7.737A1 1 0 0 1 6 8H4a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v6a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h2a1 1 0 0 1 .676.263l3.486 3.196A.5.5 0 0 0 11 19.09zM8.81 3.067C10.415 1.597 13 2.735 13 4.91v14.18c0 2.175-2.586 3.313-4.19 1.843L5.612 18H4a3 3 0 0 1-3-3V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h1.611zm11.507 3.29a1 1 0 0 1 1.355.401A10.96 10.96 0 0 1 23 12c0 1.85-.458 3.597-1.268 5.13a1 1 0 1 1-1.768-.934A8.96 8.96 0 0 0 21 12a8.96 8.96 0 0 0-1.085-4.287 1 1 0 0 1 .402-1.356M15.799 7.9a1 1 0 0 1 1.4.2 6.48 6.48 0 0 1 1.3 3.9c0 1.313-.39 2.537-1.06 3.56a1 1 0 0 1-1.673-1.096A4.47 4.47 0 0 0 16.5 12a4.47 4.47 0 0 0-.9-2.7 1 1 0 0 1 .2-1.4" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7 5a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h9a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v9a3 3 0 0 1-3 3h-2v2a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H5a3 3 0 0 1-3-3v-9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h2zm2 2h5a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v5h2a1 1 0 0 0 1-1V5a1 1 0 0 0-1-1h-9a1 1 0 0 0-1 1zM5 9a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v9a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h9a1 1 0 0 0 1-1v-9a1 1 0 0 0-1-1z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span><div class="flex"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.873 21.496a1 1 0 0 1-.992.496l-.454-.056A4 4 0 0 1 7.1 16.79L7.65 15h-.718c-2.637 0-4.553-2.508-3.859-5.052l1.364-5A4 4 0 0 1 8.296 2h9.709a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v7a3 3 0 0 1-3 3h-2c-.26 0-.5.14-.628.364zM14.005 4h-5.71a2 2 0 0 0-1.929 1.474l-1.363 5A2 2 0 0 0 6.933 13h2.072a1 1 0 0 1 .955 1.294l-.949 3.084a2 2 0 0 0 1.462 2.537l3.167-5.543a2.72 2.72 0 0 1 1.364-1.182V5a1 1 0 0 0-1-1m3 9V5c0-.35-.06-.687-.171-1h1.17a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v7a1 1 0 0 1-1 1z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span></div><span class="" data-state="closed"><button type="button" id="radix-:r55:" aria-haspopup="menu" aria-expanded="false" data-state="closed" class="cursor-pointer h-[30px] rounded-md px-1 text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><div class="flex items-center pb-0"><div class="[&_svg]:h-full [&_svg]:w-full icon-md h-4 w-4"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" d="M12.001 1.5a1 1 0 0 1 .993.887c.313 2.77 1.153 4.775 2.5 6.146 1.34 1.366 3.3 2.223 6.095 2.47a1 1 0 0 1-.003 1.993c-2.747.238-4.75 1.094-6.123 2.467-1.373 1.374-2.229 3.376-2.467 6.123a1 1 0 0 1-1.992.003c-.248-2.795-1.105-4.754-2.47-6.095-1.372-1.347-3.376-2.187-6.147-2.5a1 1 0 0 1-.002-1.987c2.818-.325 4.779-1.165 6.118-2.504 1.339-1.34 2.179-3.3 2.504-6.118A1 1 0 0 1 12 1.5ZM6.725 11.998c1.234.503 2.309 1.184 3.21 2.069.877.861 1.56 1.888 2.063 3.076.5-1.187 1.18-2.223 2.051-3.094.871-.87 1.907-1.55 3.094-2.05-1.188-.503-2.215-1.187-3.076-2.064-.885-.901-1.566-1.976-2.069-3.21-.505 1.235-1.19 2.3-2.081 3.192-.891.89-1.957 1.576-3.192 2.082Z"></path></svg></div><span class="overflow-hidden text-clip whitespace-nowrap text-sm" style="opacity: 0; padding-left: 0px; width: 0px;">4</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-sm text-token-text-quaternary"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.293 9.293a1 1 0 0 1 1.414 0L12 14.586l5.293-5.293a1 1 0 1 1 1.414 1.414l-6 6a1 1 0 0 1-1.414 0l-6-6a1 1 0 0 1 0-1.414" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div></button></span></div></div></div><div class="pr-2 lg:pr-0"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="w-full text-token-text-primary" dir="auto" data-testid="conversation-turn-6" data-scroll-anchor="false"><div class="text-base py-[18px] px-3 md:px-4 m-auto md:px-5 lg:px-1 xl:px-5"><div class="mx-auto flex flex-1 gap-4 text-base md:gap-5 lg:gap-6 md:max-w-3xl lg:max-w-[40rem] xl:max-w-[48rem]"><div class="group/conversation-turn relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col"><div class="flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3"><div class="flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full"><div data-message-author-role="user" data-message-id="bbb21c41-77d1-48fb-9cf2-f321781fc58f" dir="auto" class="min-h-[20px] text-message flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&]:mt-5 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden items-end rtl:items-start"><div class="relative max-w-[70%] rounded-3xl bg-[#f4f4f4] px-5 py-2.5 dark:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><div>“When we first got this data, we thought the sensors were faulty because every study ever done in the deep sea has only seen oxygen being consumed rather than produced,” Sweetman says in an accompanying statement. “We would come home and recalibrate the sensors, but, over the course of 10 years, these strange oxygen readings kept showing up.” After double checking the findings using a different sensor array, Sweetman and his team knew they were “onto something groundbreaking and unthought-of.”
In 2023, Sweetman contacted Northwestern University electrochemistry expert Franz Geiger about the strange evidence and sent him multiple pounds of polymetallic nodules. Electrolysis, the process of splitting a target into its separate elements, needs only 1.5 volts to initiate in seawater—and after attaching sensors to a single nodule, Sweetman and Geiger detected voltages as high as 0.95 volts. This power increased even more when they placed the formations close together, much like stacking batteries.
[Related: Newly discovered deep-sea worm moves like a ‘living magic carpet’]
“It appears that we discovered a natural ‘geobattery,’” Geiger says in a statement. “These geobatteries are the basis for a possible explanation of the ocean’s dark oxygen production.”
The existence and possible source of this dark oxygen may eventually rewrite the narrative of how life originated on Earth. As Sweetman explains, experts have long theorized that the planet’s aerobic life began due to oxygen created by photosynthetic organisms like early plants and algae. Now that they know oxygen can be produced even in the ocean’s lightless depths, these theories may need updating.
“I think we… need to revisit questions like: Where could aerobic life have begun?” says Sweetman.
But polymetallic nodules may not have just helped start life on Earth—they may also continue to keep it going near the ocean floor. And this poses a major issue for viewing them as a potential natural mining resource. Geiger explains in Monday’s announcement that 2016 and 2017 examinations by marine biologist examinations of deep sea areas mined during the 1980s revealed total dead zones that lacked even the presence of bacteria.
“Why such ‘dead zones’ persist for decades is still unknown,” Geiger says. “However, this puts a major asterisk onto strategies for sea-floor mining as ocean-floor faunal diversity in nodule-rich areas is higher than in the most diverse tropical rainforests.”
Unfortunately, all that deep ocean biological diversity may mean little to the corporations that view polymetallic nodules as potential profits. Geiger notes that the total mass of all the formations within the 4,500 miles that compose the Clarion-Clipperton Zone is likely enough to supply global energy demands for decades. But as countless examples already show, the destruction of one seemingly distant ecosystem can initiate deadly and dangerous ripple effects elsewhere.</div><div class="absolute bottom-0 right-full top-0 -mr-3.5 hidden pr-5 pt-1 [.group\/conversation-turn:hover_&]:block"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button aria-label="Editar mensaje" class="flex h-9 w-9 items-center justify-center rounded-full text-token-text-secondary transition hover:bg-token-main-surface-tertiary"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.293 4.293a4.536 4.536 0 1 1 6.414 6.414l-1 1-7.094 7.094A5 5 0 0 1 8.9 20.197l-4.736.79a1 1 0 0 1-1.15-1.151l.789-4.736a5 5 0 0 1 1.396-2.713zM13 7.414l-6.386 6.387a3 3 0 0 0-.838 1.628l-.56 3.355 3.355-.56a3 3 0 0 0 1.628-.837L16.586 11zm5 2.172L14.414 6l.293-.293a2.536 2.536 0 0 1 3.586 3.586z" 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25.4983L16.071 22.9985V17.9991Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div></div></div></div></div><div class="group/conversation-turn relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn"><div class="flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3"><div class="flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full"><div data-message-author-role="assistant" data-message-id="7455dd27-bac3-489c-843b-df81c24f16d6" dir="auto" class="min-h-[20px] text-message flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&]:mt-5 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden first:pt-[3px]"><div class="markdown prose w-full break-words dark:prose-invert dark"><p>The research conducted by Andrew Sweetman and Franz Geiger on polymetallic nodules is shedding new light on the complexities of deep-sea ecosystems and their potential role in Earth's oxygen cycle. Their discovery of natural "geobatteries" that seem capable of producing oxygen without sunlight represents a major shift in our understanding of biochemical processes and the origins of life. This could significantly impact theories about the beginnings of aerobic life, which have traditionally centered around photosynthetic organisms.</p><p>Moreover, the findings bring into sharp focus the environmental risks associated with deep-sea mining. The observed dead zones in areas previously mined suggest that disturbing these ecosystems could have long-lasting and possibly irreversible impacts. This revelation underscores the need for cautious and sustainable approaches to exploiting deep-sea resources. The potential of polymetallic nodules to both sustain and start life, juxtaposed with their appeal as a mining resource, presents a crucial dilemma: the balance between leveraging underwater resources for human benefit while preserving the intricate and little-understood ecosystems of the ocean floor.</p><p>The ongoing debate is further complicated by the potential profitability of mining these nodules, which are abundant in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone. This area's vast resources could meet global energy demands, highlighting the tension between economic interests and environmental conservation. The challenge lies in managing these resources responsibly, ensuring that the pursuit of economic gains does not lead to ecological disasters that could have widespread and devastating effects.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="mt-1 flex gap-3 empty:hidden -ml-2"><div class="items-center justify-start rounded-xl p-1 z-10 -mt-1 bg-token-main-surface-primary md:absolute md:border md:border-token-border-light md:hidden"><div class="flex items-center"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11 4.91a.5.5 0 0 0-.838-.369L6.676 7.737A1 1 0 0 1 6 8H4a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v6a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h2a1 1 0 0 1 .676.263l3.486 3.196A.5.5 0 0 0 11 19.09zM8.81 3.067C10.415 1.597 13 2.735 13 4.91v14.18c0 2.175-2.586 3.313-4.19 1.843L5.612 18H4a3 3 0 0 1-3-3V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h1.611zm11.507 3.29a1 1 0 0 1 1.355.401A10.96 10.96 0 0 1 23 12c0 1.85-.458 3.597-1.268 5.13a1 1 0 1 1-1.768-.934A8.96 8.96 0 0 0 21 12a8.96 8.96 0 0 0-1.085-4.287 1 1 0 0 1 .402-1.356M15.799 7.9a1 1 0 0 1 1.4.2 6.48 6.48 0 0 1 1.3 3.9c0 1.313-.39 2.537-1.06 3.56a1 1 0 0 1-1.673-1.096A4.47 4.47 0 0 0 16.5 12a4.47 4.47 0 0 0-.9-2.7 1 1 0 0 1 .2-1.4" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7 5a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h9a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v9a3 3 0 0 1-3 3h-2v2a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H5a3 3 0 0 1-3-3v-9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h2zm2 2h5a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v5h2a1 1 0 0 0 1-1V5a1 1 0 0 0-1-1h-9a1 1 0 0 0-1 1zM5 9a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v9a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h9a1 1 0 0 0 1-1v-9a1 1 0 0 0-1-1z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span><div class="flex"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.873 21.496a1 1 0 0 1-.992.496l-.454-.056A4 4 0 0 1 7.1 16.79L7.65 15h-.718c-2.637 0-4.553-2.508-3.859-5.052l1.364-5A4 4 0 0 1 8.296 2h9.709a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v7a3 3 0 0 1-3 3h-2c-.26 0-.5.14-.628.364zM14.005 4h-5.71a2 2 0 0 0-1.929 1.474l-1.363 5A2 2 0 0 0 6.933 13h2.072a1 1 0 0 1 .955 1.294l-.949 3.084a2 2 0 0 0 1.462 2.537l3.167-5.543a2.72 2.72 0 0 1 1.364-1.182V5a1 1 0 0 0-1-1m3 9V5c0-.35-.06-.687-.171-1h1.17a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v7a1 1 0 0 1-1 1z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span></div><span class="" data-state="closed"><button type="button" id="radix-:r5c:" aria-haspopup="menu" aria-expanded="false" data-state="closed" class="cursor-pointer h-[30px] rounded-md px-1 text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><div class="flex items-center pb-0"><div class="[&_svg]:h-full [&_svg]:w-full icon-md h-4 w-4"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" d="M12.001 1.5a1 1 0 0 1 .993.887c.313 2.77 1.153 4.775 2.5 6.146 1.34 1.366 3.3 2.223 6.095 2.47a1 1 0 0 1-.003 1.993c-2.747.238-4.75 1.094-6.123 2.467-1.373 1.374-2.229 3.376-2.467 6.123a1 1 0 0 1-1.992.003c-.248-2.795-1.105-4.754-2.47-6.095-1.372-1.347-3.376-2.187-6.147-2.5a1 1 0 0 1-.002-1.987c2.818-.325 4.779-1.165 6.118-2.504 1.339-1.34 2.179-3.3 2.504-6.118A1 1 0 0 1 12 1.5ZM6.725 11.998c1.234.503 2.309 1.184 3.21 2.069.877.861 1.56 1.888 2.063 3.076.5-1.187 1.18-2.223 2.051-3.094.871-.87 1.907-1.55 3.094-2.05-1.188-.503-2.215-1.187-3.076-2.064-.885-.901-1.566-1.976-2.069-3.21-.505 1.235-1.19 2.3-2.081 3.192-.891.89-1.957 1.576-3.192 2.082Z"></path></svg></div><span class="overflow-hidden text-clip whitespace-nowrap text-sm" style="opacity: 0; padding-left: 0px; width: 0px;">4</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-sm text-token-text-quaternary"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.293 9.293a1 1 0 0 1 1.414 0L12 14.586l5.293-5.293a1 1 0 1 1 1.414 1.414l-6 6a1 1 0 0 1-1.414 0l-6-6a1 1 0 0 1 0-1.414" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div></button></span></div></div></div><div class="pr-2 lg:pr-0"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="w-full text-token-text-primary" dir="auto" data-testid="conversation-turn-8" data-scroll-anchor="false"><div class="text-base py-[18px] px-3 md:px-4 m-auto md:px-5 lg:px-1 xl:px-5"><div class="mx-auto flex flex-1 gap-4 text-base md:gap-5 lg:gap-6 md:max-w-3xl lg:max-w-[40rem] xl:max-w-[48rem]"><div class="group/conversation-turn relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col"><div class="flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3"><div class="flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full"><div data-message-author-role="user" data-message-id="bbb218c0-1832-4117-a928-98b09044539e" dir="auto" class="min-h-[20px] text-message flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&]:mt-5 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden items-end rtl:items-start"><div class="relative max-w-[70%] rounded-3xl bg-[#f4f4f4] px-5 py-2.5 dark:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><div>Geobatteries
Geobatteries (also known as 'Self Potential' (SP) anomalies), are widespread measurable electrical differences in naturally-occurring geological formations.
There have been several proposals to explain how they might come about - it's likely that there are numerous factors at work according to the prevailing chemical and geophysical conditions.
According to a theory by Sato and Mooney, SP anomalies may be caused by electrochemical processes in the Earth crust similar to a galvanic cell: a steeply inclined electronic conductive mineralization connects regions of different redox potential. Such a configuration forms a giant electrochemical cell called ‘geobattery’."
Source : Electrochimica Acta Volume 42, Issues 23–24, 1997, Pages 3443-345
The measured electrical differences can be localised to just a few metres, or can stretch over many kilometres. Voltage differences can be in the range of millivolts, or in some cases up to a volt or two. See: A large self-potential anomaly and its changes on the quiet Mt. Fuji, Japan Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 31, Issue 5
Given the substantial scale of some of the (known) anomalies, it's perhaps surprising that they have received comparatively little academic attention. Although the voltages are low, the volumes of rock and soil can be very large, meaning that the number of electrons involved (and therefore the available current flows) imply that a geobattery might have the power to dramatically affect the way local geology develops. As well as the potential to affect the habitats for living organisms.</div><div class="absolute bottom-0 right-full top-0 -mr-3.5 hidden pr-5 pt-1 [.group\/conversation-turn:hover_&]:block"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button aria-label="Editar mensaje" class="flex h-9 w-9 items-center justify-center rounded-full text-token-text-secondary transition hover:bg-token-main-surface-tertiary"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.293 4.293a4.536 4.536 0 1 1 6.414 6.414l-1 1-7.094 7.094A5 5 0 0 1 8.9 20.197l-4.736.79a1 1 0 0 1-1.15-1.151l.789-4.736a5 5 0 0 1 1.396-2.713zM13 7.414l-6.386 6.387a3 3 0 0 0-.838 1.628l-.56 3.355 3.355-.56a3 3 0 0 0 1.628-.837L16.586 11zm5 2.172L14.414 6l.293-.293a2.536 2.536 0 0 1 3.586 3.586z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></button></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="w-full text-token-text-primary" dir="auto" data-testid="conversation-turn-9" data-scroll-anchor="false"><div class="text-base py-[18px] px-3 md:px-4 m-auto md:px-5 lg:px-1 xl:px-5"><div class="mx-auto flex flex-1 gap-4 text-base md:gap-5 lg:gap-6 md:max-w-3xl lg:max-w-[40rem] xl:max-w-[48rem]"><div class="flex-shrink-0 flex flex-col relative items-end"><div><div class="pt-0"><div class="gizmo-bot-avatar flex h-8 w-8 items-center justify-center overflow-hidden rounded-full"><div class="relative p-1 rounded-sm flex items-center justify-center bg-token-main-surface-primary text-token-text-primary h-8 w-8"><svg width="41" height="41" viewBox="0 0 41 41" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon-md" role="img"><text x="-9999" y="-9999">ChatGPT</text><path d="M37.5324 16.8707C37.9808 15.5241 38.1363 14.0974 37.9886 12.6859C37.8409 11.2744 37.3934 9.91076 36.676 8.68622C35.6126 6.83404 33.9882 5.3676 32.0373 4.4985C30.0864 3.62941 27.9098 3.40259 25.8215 3.85078C24.8796 2.7893 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11.9783 16.0753 11.9585 16.0837 11.9405C16.0921 11.9225 16.1048 11.9068 16.1207 11.8949L24.1719 7.25025C25.4053 6.53903 26.8158 6.19376 28.2383 6.25482C29.6608 6.31589 31.0364 6.78077 32.2044 7.59508C33.3723 8.40939 34.2842 9.53945 34.8334 10.8531C35.3826 12.1667 35.5464 13.6095 35.3055 15.0128ZM14.2424 21.9419L10.8752 19.9981C10.8576 19.9893 10.8423 19.9763 10.8309 19.9602C10.8195 19.9441 10.8122 19.9254 10.8098 19.9058V10.6071C10.8107 9.18295 11.2173 7.78848 11.9819 6.58696C12.7466 5.38544 13.8377 4.42659 15.1275 3.82264C16.4173 3.21869 17.8524 2.99464 19.2649 3.1767C20.6775 3.35876 22.0089 3.93941 23.1034 4.85067C23.0427 4.88379 22.937 4.94215 22.8668 4.98473L14.9024 9.58517C14.7025 9.69878 14.5366 9.86356 14.4215 10.0626C14.3065 10.2616 14.2466 10.4877 14.2479 10.7175L14.2424 21.9419ZM16.071 17.9991L20.4018 15.4978L24.7325 17.9975V22.9985L20.4018 25.4983L16.071 22.9985V17.9991Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div></div></div></div></div><div class="group/conversation-turn relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn"><div class="flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3"><div class="flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full"><div data-message-author-role="assistant" data-message-id="499bf83d-d85d-43f9-8244-e6e958e4df48" dir="auto" class="min-h-[20px] text-message flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&]:mt-5 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden first:pt-[3px]"><div class="markdown prose w-full break-words dark:prose-invert dark"><p>Geobatteries represent a fascinating and complex phenomenon in geophysics, where measurable electrical differences occur in geological formations due to natural processes. These self-potential (SP) anomalies, as described, can range widely in scale and intensity based on local geophysical and chemical conditions.</p><p>The theory posited by Sato and Mooney highlights an intriguing aspect of these anomalies, suggesting they act much like giant electrochemical cells or galvanic cells. In this model, electronic conductive mineralizations, inclined steeply, connect regions of differing redox potential, forming a natural "geobattery." This configuration allows for the movement of electrons across these potential gradients, thereby generating measurable voltages.</p><p>Given the scale and impact of these voltages—sometimes spanning kilometers and reaching up to a few volts—the implications for both geological development and local ecosystems are significant. Although these voltages are relatively low, the vast volumes of rock and soil involved can translate to significant electrical currents. This could influence mineral deposition, rock corrosion, and even the development of local biomes by affecting the chemical environment.</p><p>The relatively sparse academic focus on such a potentially influential phenomenon could be due to the complexities involved in studying deep and inaccessible geological formations. However, as research progresses, particularly with studies like those involving deep-sea nodules and their ability to generate oxygen, the role of geobatteries in geological and biological processes might gain more attention. This could lead to broader insights into not only Earth's geological activity but also its capacity to support life in unconventional environments.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="mt-1 flex gap-3 empty:hidden -ml-2"><div class="items-center justify-start rounded-xl p-1 z-10 -mt-1 bg-token-main-surface-primary md:absolute md:border md:border-token-border-light md:hidden"><div class="flex items-center"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11 4.91a.5.5 0 0 0-.838-.369L6.676 7.737A1 1 0 0 1 6 8H4a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v6a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h2a1 1 0 0 1 .676.263l3.486 3.196A.5.5 0 0 0 11 19.09zM8.81 3.067C10.415 1.597 13 2.735 13 4.91v14.18c0 2.175-2.586 3.313-4.19 1.843L5.612 18H4a3 3 0 0 1-3-3V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h1.611zm11.507 3.29a1 1 0 0 1 1.355.401A10.96 10.96 0 0 1 23 12c0 1.85-.458 3.597-1.268 5.13a1 1 0 1 1-1.768-.934A8.96 8.96 0 0 0 21 12a8.96 8.96 0 0 0-1.085-4.287 1 1 0 0 1 .402-1.356M15.799 7.9a1 1 0 0 1 1.4.2 6.48 6.48 0 0 1 1.3 3.9c0 1.313-.39 2.537-1.06 3.56a1 1 0 0 1-1.673-1.096A4.47 4.47 0 0 0 16.5 12a4.47 4.47 0 0 0-.9-2.7 1 1 0 0 1 .2-1.4" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7 5a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h9a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v9a3 3 0 0 1-3 3h-2v2a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H5a3 3 0 0 1-3-3v-9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h2zm2 2h5a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v5h2a1 1 0 0 0 1-1V5a1 1 0 0 0-1-1h-9a1 1 0 0 0-1 1zM5 9a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v9a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h9a1 1 0 0 0 1-1v-9a1 1 0 0 0-1-1z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span><div class="flex"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.873 21.496a1 1 0 0 1-.992.496l-.454-.056A4 4 0 0 1 7.1 16.79L7.65 15h-.718c-2.637 0-4.553-2.508-3.859-5.052l1.364-5A4 4 0 0 1 8.296 2h9.709a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v7a3 3 0 0 1-3 3h-2c-.26 0-.5.14-.628.364zM14.005 4h-5.71a2 2 0 0 0-1.929 1.474l-1.363 5A2 2 0 0 0 6.933 13h2.072a1 1 0 0 1 .955 1.294l-.949 3.084a2 2 0 0 0 1.462 2.537l3.167-5.543a2.72 2.72 0 0 1 1.364-1.182V5a1 1 0 0 0-1-1m3 9V5c0-.35-.06-.687-.171-1h1.17a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v7a1 1 0 0 1-1 1z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span></div><span class="" data-state="closed"><button type="button" id="radix-:r5j:" aria-haspopup="menu" aria-expanded="false" data-state="closed" class="cursor-pointer h-[30px] rounded-md px-1 text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><div class="flex items-center pb-0"><div class="[&_svg]:h-full [&_svg]:w-full icon-md h-4 w-4"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" d="M12.001 1.5a1 1 0 0 1 .993.887c.313 2.77 1.153 4.775 2.5 6.146 1.34 1.366 3.3 2.223 6.095 2.47a1 1 0 0 1-.003 1.993c-2.747.238-4.75 1.094-6.123 2.467-1.373 1.374-2.229 3.376-2.467 6.123a1 1 0 0 1-1.992.003c-.248-2.795-1.105-4.754-2.47-6.095-1.372-1.347-3.376-2.187-6.147-2.5a1 1 0 0 1-.002-1.987c2.818-.325 4.779-1.165 6.118-2.504 1.339-1.34 2.179-3.3 2.504-6.118A1 1 0 0 1 12 1.5ZM6.725 11.998c1.234.503 2.309 1.184 3.21 2.069.877.861 1.56 1.888 2.063 3.076.5-1.187 1.18-2.223 2.051-3.094.871-.87 1.907-1.55 3.094-2.05-1.188-.503-2.215-1.187-3.076-2.064-.885-.901-1.566-1.976-2.069-3.21-.505 1.235-1.19 2.3-2.081 3.192-.891.89-1.957 1.576-3.192 2.082Z"></path></svg></div><span class="overflow-hidden text-clip whitespace-nowrap text-sm" style="opacity: 0; padding-left: 0px; width: 0px;">4</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-sm text-token-text-quaternary"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.293 9.293a1 1 0 0 1 1.414 0L12 14.586l5.293-5.293a1 1 0 1 1 1.414 1.414l-6 6a1 1 0 0 1-1.414 0l-6-6a1 1 0 0 1 0-1.414" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div></button></span></div></div></div><div class="pr-2 lg:pr-0"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="w-full text-token-text-primary" dir="auto" data-testid="conversation-turn-10" data-scroll-anchor="false"><div class="text-base py-[18px] px-3 md:px-4 m-auto md:px-5 lg:px-1 xl:px-5"><div class="mx-auto flex flex-1 gap-4 text-base md:gap-5 lg:gap-6 md:max-w-3xl lg:max-w-[40rem] xl:max-w-[48rem]"><div class="group/conversation-turn relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col"><div class="flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3"><div class="flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full"><div data-message-author-role="user" data-message-id="bbb2145a-5cf9-4ab9-a1e6-8929e106d832" dir="auto" class="min-h-[20px] text-message flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&]:mt-5 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden items-end rtl:items-start"><div class="relative max-w-[70%] rounded-3xl bg-[#f4f4f4] px-5 py-2.5 dark:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><div>Electrochimica Acta
Volume 42, Issues 23–24
, 1997, Pages 3443-3452
The Geobattery model: a contribution to large scale electrochemistry
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Jürgen Bigalke
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Erich W. Grabner
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https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-4686(97)00053-4
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Abstract
In geophysics, minima of the static electrical potential along the Earth's surface are called self-potential (SP) anomalies. In the immediate vicinity of the Continental Deep Drilling (KTB) in the Oberpfalz (Bavaria, Germany) an SP anomaly has been observed amounting to − 0.6 V. This fact has been taken as the occasion to start an attempt to clarify the origin of the SP anomaly near the KTB, utilizing measurements of various parameters (electrical potential, redox potential) within the drilling hole. According to a theory by Sato and Mooney, SP anomalies may be caused by electrochemical processes in the Earth crust similar to a galvanic cell: a steeply inclined electronic conductive mineralization connects regions of different redox potential. Such a configuration forms a giant electrochemical cell called ‘geobattery’. In order to develop an adequate algorithm for calculating geobatteries, laboratory simulations with synthetic materials were carried out accounting for the redox potential field, the position of the electronic conductor, and kinetic parameters of the electrochemical reactions which occur at the surface of the mineralization</div><div class="absolute bottom-0 right-full top-0 -mr-3.5 hidden pr-5 pt-1 [.group\/conversation-turn:hover_&]:block"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button aria-label="Editar mensaje" class="flex h-9 w-9 items-center justify-center rounded-full text-token-text-secondary transition hover:bg-token-main-surface-tertiary"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.293 4.293a4.536 4.536 0 1 1 6.414 6.414l-1 1-7.094 7.094A5 5 0 0 1 8.9 20.197l-4.736.79a1 1 0 0 1-1.15-1.151l.789-4.736a5 5 0 0 1 1.396-2.713zM13 7.414l-6.386 6.387a3 3 0 0 0-.838 1.628l-.56 3.355 3.355-.56a3 3 0 0 0 1.628-.837L16.586 11zm5 2.172L14.414 6l.293-.293a2.536 2.536 0 0 1 3.586 3.586z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></button></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="w-full text-token-text-primary" dir="auto" data-testid="conversation-turn-11" data-scroll-anchor="false"><div class="text-base py-[18px] px-3 md:px-4 m-auto md:px-5 lg:px-1 xl:px-5"><div class="mx-auto flex flex-1 gap-4 text-base md:gap-5 lg:gap-6 md:max-w-3xl lg:max-w-[40rem] xl:max-w-[48rem]"><div class="flex-shrink-0 flex flex-col relative items-end"><div><div class="pt-0"><div class="gizmo-bot-avatar flex h-8 w-8 items-center justify-center overflow-hidden rounded-full"><div class="relative p-1 rounded-sm flex items-center justify-center bg-token-main-surface-primary text-token-text-primary h-8 w-8"><svg width="41" height="41" viewBox="0 0 41 41" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon-md" role="img"><text x="-9999" 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10.0626C14.3065 10.2616 14.2466 10.4877 14.2479 10.7175L14.2424 21.9419ZM16.071 17.9991L20.4018 15.4978L24.7325 17.9975V22.9985L20.4018 25.4983L16.071 22.9985V17.9991Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div></div></div></div></div><div class="group/conversation-turn relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn"><div class="flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3"><div class="flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full"><div data-message-author-role="assistant" data-message-id="09a946a0-4829-4ac8-b85d-32d066873ed7" dir="auto" class="min-h-[20px] text-message flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&]:mt-5 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden first:pt-[3px]"><div class="markdown prose w-full break-words dark:prose-invert dark"><p>The research documented in <em>Electrochimica Acta</em> by Jürgen Bigalke and Erich W. Grabner delves into the study of self-potential (SP) anomalies related to the geobattery model, offering significant insights into the electrochemical dynamics of the Earth's crust. Their study focuses on an SP anomaly near the Continental Deep Drilling (KTB) site in Bavaria, Germany, where a notable voltage of -0.6 V was observed, prompting a deeper investigation into its origins.</p><p>The authors employ the theory proposed by Sato and Mooney, which suggests that SP anomalies can arise from electrochemical processes in the crust, similar to those in a galvanic cell. In this scenario, mineralizations that are electronically conductive and steeply inclined connect areas with different redox potentials, effectively forming a large-scale electrochemical cell, or a "geobattery." This model explains how geological formations can naturally develop measurable electrical potentials over large areas.</p><p>To better understand and simulate these phenomena, Bigalke and Grabner conducted laboratory experiments using synthetic materials to mimic the natural conditions. These simulations aimed to replicate the redox potential field, the placement of the electronic conductor, and the kinetics of the electrochemical reactions occurring at the mineral surfaces. The goal was to develop an algorithm that could accurately calculate the behavior and impact of geobatteries based on these variables.</p><p>This research not only provides a theoretical basis for understanding large-scale electrochemical processes in the Earth's crust but also enhances our ability to predict and analyze geological and electrochemical phenomena. Such understanding could have broader implications, potentially influencing everything from mineral extraction methods to the management of underground and underwater environments where these geobatteries exist.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="mt-1 flex gap-3 empty:hidden -ml-2"><div class="items-center justify-start rounded-xl p-1 z-10 -mt-1 bg-token-main-surface-primary md:absolute md:border md:border-token-border-light md:hidden"><div class="flex items-center"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11 4.91a.5.5 0 0 0-.838-.369L6.676 7.737A1 1 0 0 1 6 8H4a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v6a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h2a1 1 0 0 1 .676.263l3.486 3.196A.5.5 0 0 0 11 19.09zM8.81 3.067C10.415 1.597 13 2.735 13 4.91v14.18c0 2.175-2.586 3.313-4.19 1.843L5.612 18H4a3 3 0 0 1-3-3V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h1.611zm11.507 3.29a1 1 0 0 1 1.355.401A10.96 10.96 0 0 1 23 12c0 1.85-.458 3.597-1.268 5.13a1 1 0 1 1-1.768-.934A8.96 8.96 0 0 0 21 12a8.96 8.96 0 0 0-1.085-4.287 1 1 0 0 1 .402-1.356M15.799 7.9a1 1 0 0 1 1.4.2 6.48 6.48 0 0 1 1.3 3.9c0 1.313-.39 2.537-1.06 3.56a1 1 0 0 1-1.673-1.096A4.47 4.47 0 0 0 16.5 12a4.47 4.47 0 0 0-.9-2.7 1 1 0 0 1 .2-1.4" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7 5a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h9a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v9a3 3 0 0 1-3 3h-2v2a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H5a3 3 0 0 1-3-3v-9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h2zm2 2h5a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v5h2a1 1 0 0 0 1-1V5a1 1 0 0 0-1-1h-9a1 1 0 0 0-1 1zM5 9a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v9a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h9a1 1 0 0 0 1-1v-9a1 1 0 0 0-1-1z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span><div class="flex"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.873 21.496a1 1 0 0 1-.992.496l-.454-.056A4 4 0 0 1 7.1 16.79L7.65 15h-.718c-2.637 0-4.553-2.508-3.859-5.052l1.364-5A4 4 0 0 1 8.296 2h9.709a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v7a3 3 0 0 1-3 3h-2c-.26 0-.5.14-.628.364zM14.005 4h-5.71a2 2 0 0 0-1.929 1.474l-1.363 5A2 2 0 0 0 6.933 13h2.072a1 1 0 0 1 .955 1.294l-.949 3.084a2 2 0 0 0 1.462 2.537l3.167-5.543a2.72 2.72 0 0 1 1.364-1.182V5a1 1 0 0 0-1-1m3 9V5c0-.35-.06-.687-.171-1h1.17a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v7a1 1 0 0 1-1 1z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span></div><span class="" data-state="closed"><button type="button" id="radix-:r5q:" aria-haspopup="menu" aria-expanded="false" data-state="closed" class="cursor-pointer h-[30px] rounded-md px-1 text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><div class="flex items-center pb-0"><div class="[&_svg]:h-full [&_svg]:w-full icon-md h-4 w-4"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" d="M12.001 1.5a1 1 0 0 1 .993.887c.313 2.77 1.153 4.775 2.5 6.146 1.34 1.366 3.3 2.223 6.095 2.47a1 1 0 0 1-.003 1.993c-2.747.238-4.75 1.094-6.123 2.467-1.373 1.374-2.229 3.376-2.467 6.123a1 1 0 0 1-1.992.003c-.248-2.795-1.105-4.754-2.47-6.095-1.372-1.347-3.376-2.187-6.147-2.5a1 1 0 0 1-.002-1.987c2.818-.325 4.779-1.165 6.118-2.504 1.339-1.34 2.179-3.3 2.504-6.118A1 1 0 0 1 12 1.5ZM6.725 11.998c1.234.503 2.309 1.184 3.21 2.069.877.861 1.56 1.888 2.063 3.076.5-1.187 1.18-2.223 2.051-3.094.871-.87 1.907-1.55 3.094-2.05-1.188-.503-2.215-1.187-3.076-2.064-.885-.901-1.566-1.976-2.069-3.21-.505 1.235-1.19 2.3-2.081 3.192-.891.89-1.957 1.576-3.192 2.082Z"></path></svg></div><span class="overflow-hidden text-clip whitespace-nowrap text-sm" style="opacity: 0; 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Published: 22 July 2024
Evidence of dark oxygen production at the abyssal seafloor
Andrew K. Sweetman, Alycia J. Smith, …Jeffrey J. Marlow Show authors
Nature Geoscience (2024)Cite this article
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Abstract
Deep-seafloor organisms consume oxygen, which can be measured by in situ benthic chamber experiments. Here we report such experiments at the polymetallic nodule-covered abyssal seafloor in the Pacific Ocean in which oxygen increased over two days to more than three times the background concentration, which from ex situ incubations we attribute to the polymetallic nodules. Given high voltage potentials (up to 0.95 V) on nodule surfaces, we hypothesize that seawater electrolysis may contribute to this dark oxygen production.</div><div class="absolute bottom-0 right-full top-0 -mr-3.5 hidden pr-5 pt-1 [.group\/conversation-turn:hover_&]:block"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button aria-label="Editar mensaje" class="flex h-9 w-9 items-center justify-center rounded-full text-token-text-secondary transition hover:bg-token-main-surface-tertiary"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.293 4.293a4.536 4.536 0 1 1 6.414 6.414l-1 1-7.094 7.094A5 5 0 0 1 8.9 20.197l-4.736.79a1 1 0 0 1-1.15-1.151l.789-4.736a5 5 0 0 1 1.396-2.713zM13 7.414l-6.386 6.387a3 3 0 0 0-.838 1.628l-.56 3.355 3.355-.56a3 3 0 0 0 1.628-.837L16.586 11zm5 2.172L14.414 6l.293-.293a2.536 2.536 0 0 1 3.586 3.586z" 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25.4983L16.071 22.9985V17.9991Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div></div></div></div></div><div class="group/conversation-turn relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn"><div class="flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3"><div class="flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full"><div data-message-author-role="assistant" data-message-id="f38632a4-ffcf-4344-8208-b3dd6fd3b178" dir="auto" class="min-h-[20px] text-message flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&]:mt-5 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden first:pt-[3px]"><div class="markdown prose w-full break-words dark:prose-invert dark"><p>The research presented in <em>Nature Geoscience</em> by Andrew K. Sweetman, Alycia J. Smith, Jeffrey J. Marlow, and colleagues introduces significant evidence for "dark oxygen" production on the abyssal seafloor, a concept that could revolutionize our understanding of oxygen dynamics in deep ocean environments. This study involved in situ experiments on the seafloor covered with polymetallic nodules, observing a remarkable increase in oxygen levels over two days—rising to more than three times the background concentration.</p><p>The team used benthic chamber experiments to directly measure oxygen concentrations, discovering that these increases were linked to the polymetallic nodules present. These nodules, found in deep oceanic regions, showed high voltage potentials on their surfaces, reaching up to 0.95 V. This observation led the researchers to hypothesize that electrolysis of seawater could be occurring at the nodule surfaces, contributing to the production of oxygen in an environment where light does not penetrate, and thus traditional photosynthesis is impossible.</p><p>This process, termed "dark oxygen" production, implies that these deep-sea nodules are not merely inert objects but are actively involved in creating life-sustaining oxygen, potentially supporting unique ecosystems in one of Earth's least understood habitats. The findings suggest that the electrolytic processes associated with the nodules might play a crucial role in the biogeochemistry of the deep ocean, opening up new areas of research into how life can sustain itself in the absence of sunlight. This could have broader implications for our search for life in similar environments on other planets, expanding our understanding of life's potential resilience and adaptability.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="mt-1 flex gap-3 empty:hidden -ml-2"><div class="items-center justify-start rounded-xl p-1 z-10 -mt-1 bg-token-main-surface-primary md:absolute md:border md:border-token-border-light md:hidden"><div class="flex items-center"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11 4.91a.5.5 0 0 0-.838-.369L6.676 7.737A1 1 0 0 1 6 8H4a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v6a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h2a1 1 0 0 1 .676.263l3.486 3.196A.5.5 0 0 0 11 19.09zM8.81 3.067C10.415 1.597 13 2.735 13 4.91v14.18c0 2.175-2.586 3.313-4.19 1.843L5.612 18H4a3 3 0 0 1-3-3V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h1.611zm11.507 3.29a1 1 0 0 1 1.355.401A10.96 10.96 0 0 1 23 12c0 1.85-.458 3.597-1.268 5.13a1 1 0 1 1-1.768-.934A8.96 8.96 0 0 0 21 12a8.96 8.96 0 0 0-1.085-4.287 1 1 0 0 1 .402-1.356M15.799 7.9a1 1 0 0 1 1.4.2 6.48 6.48 0 0 1 1.3 3.9c0 1.313-.39 2.537-1.06 3.56a1 1 0 0 1-1.673-1.096A4.47 4.47 0 0 0 16.5 12a4.47 4.47 0 0 0-.9-2.7 1 1 0 0 1 .2-1.4" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7 5a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h9a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v9a3 3 0 0 1-3 3h-2v2a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H5a3 3 0 0 1-3-3v-9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h2zm2 2h5a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v5h2a1 1 0 0 0 1-1V5a1 1 0 0 0-1-1h-9a1 1 0 0 0-1 1zM5 9a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v9a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h9a1 1 0 0 0 1-1v-9a1 1 0 0 0-1-1z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span><div class="flex"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.873 21.496a1 1 0 0 1-.992.496l-.454-.056A4 4 0 0 1 7.1 16.79L7.65 15h-.718c-2.637 0-4.553-2.508-3.859-5.052l1.364-5A4 4 0 0 1 8.296 2h9.709a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v7a3 3 0 0 1-3 3h-2c-.26 0-.5.14-.628.364zM14.005 4h-5.71a2 2 0 0 0-1.929 1.474l-1.363 5A2 2 0 0 0 6.933 13h2.072a1 1 0 0 1 .955 1.294l-.949 3.084a2 2 0 0 0 1.462 2.537l3.167-5.543a2.72 2.72 0 0 1 1.364-1.182V5a1 1 0 0 0-1-1m3 9V5c0-.35-.06-.687-.171-1h1.17a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v7a1 1 0 0 1-1 1z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span></div><span class="" data-state="closed"><button type="button" id="radix-:r61:" aria-haspopup="menu" aria-expanded="false" data-state="closed" class="cursor-pointer h-[30px] rounded-md px-1 text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><div class="flex items-center pb-0"><div class="[&_svg]:h-full [&_svg]:w-full icon-md h-4 w-4"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" d="M12.001 1.5a1 1 0 0 1 .993.887c.313 2.77 1.153 4.775 2.5 6.146 1.34 1.366 3.3 2.223 6.095 2.47a1 1 0 0 1-.003 1.993c-2.747.238-4.75 1.094-6.123 2.467-1.373 1.374-2.229 3.376-2.467 6.123a1 1 0 0 1-1.992.003c-.248-2.795-1.105-4.754-2.47-6.095-1.372-1.347-3.376-2.187-6.147-2.5a1 1 0 0 1-.002-1.987c2.818-.325 4.779-1.165 6.118-2.504 1.339-1.34 2.179-3.3 2.504-6.118A1 1 0 0 1 12 1.5ZM6.725 11.998c1.234.503 2.309 1.184 3.21 2.069.877.861 1.56 1.888 2.063 3.076.5-1.187 1.18-2.223 2.051-3.094.871-.87 1.907-1.55 3.094-2.05-1.188-.503-2.215-1.187-3.076-2.064-.885-.901-1.566-1.976-2.069-3.21-.505 1.235-1.19 2.3-2.081 3.192-.891.89-1.957 1.576-3.192 2.082Z"></path></svg></div><span class="overflow-hidden text-clip whitespace-nowrap text-sm" style="opacity: 0; padding-left: 0px; width: 0px;">4</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-sm text-token-text-quaternary"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.293 9.293a1 1 0 0 1 1.414 0L12 14.586l5.293-5.293a1 1 0 1 1 1.414 1.414l-6 6a1 1 0 0 1-1.414 0l-6-6a1 1 0 0 1 0-1.414" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div></button></span></div></div></div><div class="pr-2 lg:pr-0"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="w-full text-token-text-primary" dir="auto" data-testid="conversation-turn-14" data-scroll-anchor="false"><div class="text-base py-[18px] px-3 md:px-4 m-auto md:px-5 lg:px-1 xl:px-5"><div class="mx-auto flex flex-1 gap-4 text-base md:gap-5 lg:gap-6 md:max-w-3xl lg:max-w-[40rem] xl:max-w-[48rem]"><div class="group/conversation-turn relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col"><div class="flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3"><div class="flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full"><div data-message-author-role="user" data-message-id="bbb21380-6b9b-4eb6-8889-3581bc74c931" dir="auto" class="min-h-[20px] text-message flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&]:mt-5 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden items-end rtl:items-start"><div class="relative max-w-[70%] rounded-3xl bg-[#f4f4f4] px-5 py-2.5 dark:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><div>So can you the these new discoveries into my Lunar Lunch Theory? The formation of a synestia (donut) around the earth after an impact led to large earth tides and ocean tides, allowing the formation of clay minerals through triterating the rock and the large tides massaged the earth providing increasing surface area for the collectively autocatalytic sets (Robert Hazen) and microbial mats. Later life adapted to deep-sea vents, and possibly geobatteries.</div><div class="absolute bottom-0 right-full top-0 -mr-3.5 hidden pr-5 pt-1 [.group\/conversation-turn:hover_&]:block"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button aria-label="Editar mensaje" class="flex h-9 w-9 items-center justify-center rounded-full text-token-text-secondary transition hover:bg-token-main-surface-tertiary"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.293 4.293a4.536 4.536 0 1 1 6.414 6.414l-1 1-7.094 7.094A5 5 0 0 1 8.9 20.197l-4.736.79a1 1 0 0 1-1.15-1.151l.789-4.736a5 5 0 0 1 1.396-2.713zM13 7.414l-6.386 6.387a3 3 0 0 0-.838 1.628l-.56 3.355 3.355-.56a3 3 0 0 0 1.628-.837L16.586 11zm5 2.172L14.414 6l.293-.293a2.536 2.536 0 0 1 3.586 3.586z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></button></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="w-full text-token-text-primary" dir="auto" data-testid="conversation-turn-15" data-scroll-anchor="false"><div class="text-base py-[18px] px-3 md:px-4 m-auto md:px-5 lg:px-1 xl:px-5"><div class="mx-auto flex flex-1 gap-4 text-base md:gap-5 lg:gap-6 md:max-w-3xl lg:max-w-[40rem] xl:max-w-[48rem]"><div class="flex-shrink-0 flex flex-col relative items-end"><div><div class="pt-0"><div class="gizmo-bot-avatar flex h-8 w-8 items-center justify-center overflow-hidden rounded-full"><div class="relative p-1 rounded-sm flex items-center justify-center bg-token-main-surface-primary text-token-text-primary h-8 w-8"><svg width="41" height="41" viewBox="0 0 41 41" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon-md" role="img"><text x="-9999" y="-9999">ChatGPT</text><path d="M37.5324 16.8707C37.9808 15.5241 38.1363 14.0974 37.9886 12.6859C37.8409 11.2744 37.3934 9.91076 36.676 8.68622C35.6126 6.83404 33.9882 5.3676 32.0373 4.4985C30.0864 3.62941 27.9098 3.40259 25.8215 3.85078C24.8796 2.7893 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11.9783 16.0753 11.9585 16.0837 11.9405C16.0921 11.9225 16.1048 11.9068 16.1207 11.8949L24.1719 7.25025C25.4053 6.53903 26.8158 6.19376 28.2383 6.25482C29.6608 6.31589 31.0364 6.78077 32.2044 7.59508C33.3723 8.40939 34.2842 9.53945 34.8334 10.8531C35.3826 12.1667 35.5464 13.6095 35.3055 15.0128ZM14.2424 21.9419L10.8752 19.9981C10.8576 19.9893 10.8423 19.9763 10.8309 19.9602C10.8195 19.9441 10.8122 19.9254 10.8098 19.9058V10.6071C10.8107 9.18295 11.2173 7.78848 11.9819 6.58696C12.7466 5.38544 13.8377 4.42659 15.1275 3.82264C16.4173 3.21869 17.8524 2.99464 19.2649 3.1767C20.6775 3.35876 22.0089 3.93941 23.1034 4.85067C23.0427 4.88379 22.937 4.94215 22.8668 4.98473L14.9024 9.58517C14.7025 9.69878 14.5366 9.86356 14.4215 10.0626C14.3065 10.2616 14.2466 10.4877 14.2479 10.7175L14.2424 21.9419ZM16.071 17.9991L20.4018 15.4978L24.7325 17.9975V22.9985L20.4018 25.4983L16.071 22.9985V17.9991Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div></div></div></div></div><div class="group/conversation-turn relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn"><div class="flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3"><div class="flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full"><div data-message-author-role="assistant" data-message-id="34d8623a-4a61-4ae7-a5f1-f4da144cbce8" dir="auto" class="min-h-[20px] text-message flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&]:mt-5 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden first:pt-[3px]"><div class="markdown prose w-full break-words dark:prose-invert dark"><p>Incorporating the recent discoveries around "dark oxygen" production and the concept of geobatteries into your Lunar Lunch Theory can indeed enrich and expand the narrative about early Earth conditions and the potential origins of life. Your theory outlines a series of transformative events triggered by a giant impact, leading to the formation of a synestia and significant geological and biochemical developments. Here's how these new elements might fit into that framework:</p><ol><li><p><strong>Impact and Synestia Formation</strong>: The giant impact hypothesis suggests that a collision with a Mars-sized body led to the formation of a synestia—a high-energy, spinning mass of vaporized rock. This event would drastically alter Earth's surface and atmosphere, influencing subsequent geological processes.</p></li><li><p><strong>Formation of Clay Minerals</strong>: As the synestia cooled, materials would begin to condense and precipitate back to the solid Earth, potentially being triterated by large Earth and ocean tides caused by the gravitational interactions within the synestia. This mechanical action could facilitate the formation of clay minerals by breaking down rocks and other materials, increasing the availability of fine particulates that are crucial for catalyzing chemical reactions.</p></li><li><p><strong>Autocatalytic Sets and Microbial Mats</strong>: The increased surface area provided by these clay minerals would create ideal conditions for the formation of collectively autocatalytic sets—a group of molecules that facilitate each other's synthesis. According to Robert Hazen, these sets could evolve into more complex biochemical pathways, setting the stage for the development of microbial mats. These mats are known to be early forms of life that could process and cycle essential nutrients, contributing further to the biochemical complexity of early Earth.</p></li><li><p><strong>Adaptation to Extreme Environments</strong>: As life began to take hold, some forms would migrate to or arise in extreme environments such as hydrothermal vents. These vents not only provide a steady supply of energy-rich chemicals but could also host early forms of geobatteries. The natural electrochemical gradients created by mineral interactions in these environments (similar to the geobatteries observed in deep-sea nodules) could further drive biochemical reactions, perhaps similar to how dark oxygen is produced.</p></li><li><p><strong>Implications of "Dark Oxygen" Production</strong>: The discovery that polymetallic nodules on the deep ocean floor can produce oxygen without sunlight through electrolysis suggests a mechanism by which early life could sustain itself in environments devoid of sunlight. This dark oxygen production could mirror the processes that might have occurred in early Earth's oceans post-synestia, providing a possible source of oxygen before the widespread advent of photosynthesis.</p></li></ol><p>By integrating these discoveries, your Lunar Lunch Theory could propose that the conditions post-synestia not only led to the physical and chemical foundations necessary for life but also provided the energetic and material diversity needed for life to adapt and thrive in various extreme environments. This could offer a broader perspective on how life's early adaptability might be mirrored in other planetary bodies with similar catastrophic formation events.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="mt-1 flex gap-3 empty:hidden -ml-2"><div class="items-center justify-start rounded-xl p-1 z-10 -mt-1 bg-token-main-surface-primary md:absolute md:border md:border-token-border-light md:hidden"><div class="flex items-center"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11 4.91a.5.5 0 0 0-.838-.369L6.676 7.737A1 1 0 0 1 6 8H4a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v6a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h2a1 1 0 0 1 .676.263l3.486 3.196A.5.5 0 0 0 11 19.09zM8.81 3.067C10.415 1.597 13 2.735 13 4.91v14.18c0 2.175-2.586 3.313-4.19 1.843L5.612 18H4a3 3 0 0 1-3-3V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h1.611zm11.507 3.29a1 1 0 0 1 1.355.401A10.96 10.96 0 0 1 23 12c0 1.85-.458 3.597-1.268 5.13a1 1 0 1 1-1.768-.934A8.96 8.96 0 0 0 21 12a8.96 8.96 0 0 0-1.085-4.287 1 1 0 0 1 .402-1.356M15.799 7.9a1 1 0 0 1 1.4.2 6.48 6.48 0 0 1 1.3 3.9c0 1.313-.39 2.537-1.06 3.56a1 1 0 0 1-1.673-1.096A4.47 4.47 0 0 0 16.5 12a4.47 4.47 0 0 0-.9-2.7 1 1 0 0 1 .2-1.4" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7 5a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h9a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v9a3 3 0 0 1-3 3h-2v2a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H5a3 3 0 0 1-3-3v-9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h2zm2 2h5a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v5h2a1 1 0 0 0 1-1V5a1 1 0 0 0-1-1h-9a1 1 0 0 0-1 1zM5 9a1 1 0 0 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clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span></div><span class="" data-state="closed"><button type="button" id="radix-:r68:" aria-haspopup="menu" aria-expanded="false" data-state="closed" class="cursor-pointer h-[30px] rounded-md px-1 text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><div class="flex items-center pb-0"><div class="[&_svg]:h-full [&_svg]:w-full icon-md h-4 w-4"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" d="M12.001 1.5a1 1 0 0 1 .993.887c.313 2.77 1.153 4.775 2.5 6.146 1.34 1.366 3.3 2.223 6.095 2.47a1 1 0 0 1-.003 1.993c-2.747.238-4.75 1.094-6.123 2.467-1.373 1.374-2.229 3.376-2.467 6.123a1 1 0 0 1-1.992.003c-.248-2.795-1.105-4.754-2.47-6.095-1.372-1.347-3.376-2.187-6.147-2.5a1 1 0 0 1-.002-1.987c2.818-.325 4.779-1.165 6.118-2.504 1.339-1.34 2.179-3.3 2.504-6.118A1 1 0 0 1 12 1.5ZM6.725 11.998c1.234.503 2.309 1.184 3.21 2.069.877.861 1.56 1.888 2.063 3.076.5-1.187 1.18-2.223 2.051-3.094.871-.87 1.907-1.55 3.094-2.05-1.188-.503-2.215-1.187-3.076-2.064-.885-.901-1.566-1.976-2.069-3.21-.505 1.235-1.19 2.3-2.081 3.192-.891.89-1.957 1.576-3.192 2.082Z"></path></svg></div><span class="overflow-hidden text-clip whitespace-nowrap text-sm" style="opacity: 0; padding-left: 0px; width: 0px;">4</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-sm text-token-text-quaternary"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.293 9.293a1 1 0 0 1 1.414 0L12 14.586l5.293-5.293a1 1 0 1 1 1.414 1.414l-6 6a1 1 0 0 1-1.414 0l-6-6a1 1 0 0 1 0-1.414" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div></button></span></div></div></div><div class="pr-2 lg:pr-0"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="w-full text-token-text-primary" dir="auto" data-testid="conversation-turn-16" data-scroll-anchor="false"><div class="text-base py-[18px] px-3 md:px-4 m-auto md:px-5 lg:px-1 xl:px-5"><div class="mx-auto flex flex-1 gap-4 text-base md:gap-5 lg:gap-6 md:max-w-3xl lg:max-w-[40rem] xl:max-w-[48rem]"><div class="group/conversation-turn relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col"><div class="flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3"><div class="flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full"><div data-message-author-role="user" data-message-id="bbb21265-0bed-411e-bb22-5835f0bb1b99" dir="auto" class="min-h-[20px] text-message flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&]:mt-5 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden items-end rtl:items-start"><div class="relative max-w-[70%] rounded-3xl bg-[#f4f4f4] px-5 py-2.5 dark:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><div>A list of all of the topics we've discussed.</div><div class="absolute bottom-0 right-full top-0 -mr-3.5 hidden pr-5 pt-1 [.group\/conversation-turn:hover_&]:block"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button aria-label="Editar mensaje" class="flex h-9 w-9 items-center justify-center rounded-full 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relative items-end"><div><div class="pt-0"><div class="gizmo-bot-avatar flex h-8 w-8 items-center justify-center overflow-hidden rounded-full"><div class="relative p-1 rounded-sm flex items-center justify-center bg-token-main-surface-primary text-token-text-primary h-8 w-8"><svg width="41" height="41" viewBox="0 0 41 41" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon-md" role="img"><text x="-9999" y="-9999">ChatGPT</text><path d="M37.5324 16.8707C37.9808 15.5241 38.1363 14.0974 37.9886 12.6859C37.8409 11.2744 37.3934 9.91076 36.676 8.68622C35.6126 6.83404 33.9882 5.3676 32.0373 4.4985C30.0864 3.62941 27.9098 3.40259 25.8215 3.85078C24.8796 2.7893 23.7219 1.94125 22.4257 1.36341C21.1295 0.785575 19.7249 0.491269 18.3058 0.500197C16.1708 0.495044 14.0893 1.16803 12.3614 2.42214C10.6335 3.67624 9.34853 5.44666 8.6917 7.47815C7.30085 7.76286 5.98686 8.3414 4.8377 9.17505C3.68854 10.0087 2.73073 11.0782 2.02839 12.312C0.956464 14.1591 0.498905 16.2988 0.721698 18.4228C0.944492 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12.4981C25.6142 12.4872 25.6333 12.4805 25.6531 12.4787C25.6729 12.4769 25.6928 12.4801 25.7111 12.4879L33.7631 17.1364C34.9967 17.849 36.0017 18.8982 36.6606 20.1613C37.3194 21.4244 37.6047 22.849 37.4832 24.2684C37.3617 25.6878 36.8382 27.0432 35.9743 28.1759C35.1103 29.3086 33.9415 30.1717 32.6047 30.6641C32.6047 30.5947 32.6047 30.4733 32.6047 30.3889V21.188C32.6066 20.9586 32.5474 20.7328 32.4332 20.5338C32.319 20.3348 32.154 20.1698 31.955 20.0556ZM35.3055 15.0128C35.2464 14.9765 35.1431 14.9142 35.069 14.8717L27.1045 10.2712C26.906 10.1554 26.6803 10.0943 26.4504 10.0943C26.2206 10.0943 25.9948 10.1554 25.7963 10.2712L16.0726 15.8858V11.9982C16.0715 11.9783 16.0753 11.9585 16.0837 11.9405C16.0921 11.9225 16.1048 11.9068 16.1207 11.8949L24.1719 7.25025C25.4053 6.53903 26.8158 6.19376 28.2383 6.25482C29.6608 6.31589 31.0364 6.78077 32.2044 7.59508C33.3723 8.40939 34.2842 9.53945 34.8334 10.8531C35.3826 12.1667 35.5464 13.6095 35.3055 15.0128ZM14.2424 21.9419L10.8752 19.9981C10.8576 19.9893 10.8423 19.9763 10.8309 19.9602C10.8195 19.9441 10.8122 19.9254 10.8098 19.9058V10.6071C10.8107 9.18295 11.2173 7.78848 11.9819 6.58696C12.7466 5.38544 13.8377 4.42659 15.1275 3.82264C16.4173 3.21869 17.8524 2.99464 19.2649 3.1767C20.6775 3.35876 22.0089 3.93941 23.1034 4.85067C23.0427 4.88379 22.937 4.94215 22.8668 4.98473L14.9024 9.58517C14.7025 9.69878 14.5366 9.86356 14.4215 10.0626C14.3065 10.2616 14.2466 10.4877 14.2479 10.7175L14.2424 21.9419ZM16.071 17.9991L20.4018 15.4978L24.7325 17.9975V22.9985L20.4018 25.4983L16.071 22.9985V17.9991Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div></div></div></div></div><div class="group/conversation-turn relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn"><div class="flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3"><div class="flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full"><div data-message-author-role="assistant" data-message-id="d9781086-7998-45cf-b06a-20f4d92c196f" dir="auto" class="min-h-[20px] text-message flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&]:mt-5 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden first:pt-[3px]"><div class="markdown prose w-full break-words dark:prose-invert dark"><p>Here's a summary of the topics we've discussed:</p><ol><li><p><strong>"Dark Oxygen" in the Deep Sea</strong>: The discovery of oxygen production by polymetallic nodules on the ocean floor without sunlight, challenging traditional notions of photosynthesis.</p></li><li><p><strong>Geobatteries</strong>: The concept of naturally occurring geological formations acting as giant electrochemical cells, capable of creating measurable electrical potentials.</p></li><li><p><strong>The Research of Andrew Sweetman and Franz Geiger</strong>: Their studies and findings on polymetallic nodules as natural geobatteries and potential contributors to "dark oxygen" production.</p></li><li><p><strong>Implications of Geobatteries and Deep-Sea Nodules</strong>: Discussion on how these findings could influence theories of life's origins and sustainability on Earth and possibly other celestial bodies.</p></li><li><p><strong>Electrochimica Acta Research by Jürgen Bigalke and Erich W. Grabner</strong>: The study of self-potential anomalies in the Earth's crust and the development of an algorithm to calculate geobatteries.</p></li><li><p><strong>Evidence of Dark Oxygen Production at the Abyssal Seafloor</strong>: An article from Nature Geoscience detailing experiments that recorded increased oxygen levels linked to polymetallic nodules.</p></li><li><p><strong>Lunar Lunch Theory</strong>: Your theory linking the formation of a synestia from a celestial impact to the formation of clay minerals, autocatalytic sets, microbial mats, and the adaptation of life to environments such as deep-sea vents and possibly areas featuring geobatteries.</p></li></ol><p>Each of these topics revolves around advanced scientific concepts involving geology, chemistry, and the potential origins and adaptability of life on Earth.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="mt-1 flex gap-3 empty:hidden -ml-2"><div class="items-center justify-start rounded-xl p-1 z-10 -mt-1 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3.56a1 1 0 0 1-1.673-1.096A4.47 4.47 0 0 0 16.5 12a4.47 4.47 0 0 0-.9-2.7 1 1 0 0 1 .2-1.4" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7 5a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h9a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v9a3 3 0 0 1-3 3h-2v2a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H5a3 3 0 0 1-3-3v-9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h2zm2 2h5a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v5h2a1 1 0 0 0 1-1V5a1 1 0 0 0-1-1h-9a1 1 0 0 0-1 1zM5 9a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v9a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h9a1 1 0 0 0 1-1v-9a1 1 0 0 0-1-1z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span><div class="flex"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center 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class="[&_svg]:h-full [&_svg]:w-full icon-md h-4 w-4"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" d="M12.001 1.5a1 1 0 0 1 .993.887c.313 2.77 1.153 4.775 2.5 6.146 1.34 1.366 3.3 2.223 6.095 2.47a1 1 0 0 1-.003 1.993c-2.747.238-4.75 1.094-6.123 2.467-1.373 1.374-2.229 3.376-2.467 6.123a1 1 0 0 1-1.992.003c-.248-2.795-1.105-4.754-2.47-6.095-1.372-1.347-3.376-2.187-6.147-2.5a1 1 0 0 1-.002-1.987c2.818-.325 4.779-1.165 6.118-2.504 1.339-1.34 2.179-3.3 2.504-6.118A1 1 0 0 1 12 1.5ZM6.725 11.998c1.234.503 2.309 1.184 3.21 2.069.877.861 1.56 1.888 2.063 3.076.5-1.187 1.18-2.223 2.051-3.094.871-.87 1.907-1.55 3.094-2.05-1.188-.503-2.215-1.187-3.076-2.064-.885-.901-1.566-1.976-2.069-3.21-.505 1.235-1.19 2.3-2.081 3.192-.891.89-1.957 1.576-3.192 2.082Z"></path></svg></div><span class="overflow-hidden text-clip whitespace-nowrap text-sm" style="opacity: 0; padding-left: 0px; width: 0px;">4</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-sm text-token-text-quaternary"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.293 9.293a1 1 0 0 1 1.414 0L12 14.586l5.293-5.293a1 1 0 1 1 1.414 1.414l-6 6a1 1 0 0 1-1.414 0l-6-6a1 1 0 0 1 0-1.414" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div></button></span></div></div></div><div class="pr-2 lg:pr-0"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="w-full text-token-text-primary" dir="auto" data-testid="conversation-turn-18" data-scroll-anchor="false"><div class="text-base py-[18px] px-3 md:px-4 m-auto md:px-5 lg:px-1 xl:px-5"><div class="mx-auto flex flex-1 gap-4 text-base md:gap-5 lg:gap-6 md:max-w-3xl lg:max-w-[40rem] xl:max-w-[48rem]"><div class="group/conversation-turn relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col"><div class="flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3"><div class="flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full"><div data-message-author-role="user" data-message-id="bbb21445-7735-4c79-b96f-89c9b459d498" dir="auto" class="min-h-[20px] text-message flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&]:mt-5 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden items-end rtl:items-start"><div class="relative max-w-[70%] rounded-3xl bg-[#f4f4f4] px-5 py-2.5 dark:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><div>Could I get an silly and exaggerated sardonic and satirical narrative for an essay introducing Lunar Lunch Theory.</div><div class="absolute bottom-0 right-full top-0 -mr-3.5 hidden pr-5 pt-1 [.group\/conversation-turn:hover_&]:block"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button aria-label="Editar mensaje" class="flex h-9 w-9 items-center justify-center rounded-full text-token-text-secondary transition hover:bg-token-main-surface-tertiary"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.293 4.293a4.536 4.536 0 1 1 6.414 6.414l-1 1-7.094 7.094A5 5 0 0 1 8.9 20.197l-4.736.79a1 1 0 0 1-1.15-1.151l.789-4.736a5 5 0 0 1 1.396-2.713zM13 7.414l-6.386 6.387a3 3 0 0 0-.838 1.628l-.56 3.355 3.355-.56a3 3 0 0 0 1.628-.837L16.586 11zm5 2.172L14.414 6l.293-.293a2.536 2.536 0 0 1 3.586 3.586z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></button></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="w-full text-token-text-primary" dir="auto" data-testid="conversation-turn-19" data-scroll-anchor="true"><div class="text-base py-[18px] px-3 md:px-4 m-auto md:px-5 lg:px-1 xl:px-5"><div class="mx-auto flex flex-1 gap-4 text-base md:gap-5 lg:gap-6 md:max-w-3xl lg:max-w-[40rem] xl:max-w-[48rem]"><div class="flex-shrink-0 flex flex-col relative items-end"><div><div class="pt-0"><div class="gizmo-bot-avatar flex h-8 w-8 items-center justify-center overflow-hidden rounded-full"><div class="relative p-1 rounded-sm flex items-center justify-center bg-token-main-surface-primary text-token-text-primary h-8 w-8"><svg width="41" height="41" viewBox="0 0 41 41" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon-md" role="img"><text x="-9999" y="-9999">ChatGPT</text><path d="M37.5324 16.8707C37.9808 15.5241 38.1363 14.0974 37.9886 12.6859C37.8409 11.2744 37.3934 9.91076 36.676 8.68622C35.6126 6.83404 33.9882 5.3676 32.0373 4.4985C30.0864 3.62941 27.9098 3.40259 25.8215 3.85078C24.8796 2.7893 23.7219 1.94125 22.4257 1.36341C21.1295 0.785575 19.7249 0.491269 18.3058 0.500197C16.1708 0.495044 14.0893 1.16803 12.3614 2.42214C10.6335 3.67624 9.34853 5.44666 8.6917 7.47815C7.30085 7.76286 5.98686 8.3414 4.8377 9.17505C3.68854 10.0087 2.73073 11.0782 2.02839 12.312C0.956464 14.1591 0.498905 16.2988 0.721698 18.4228C0.944492 20.5467 1.83612 22.5449 3.268 24.1293C2.81966 25.4759 2.66413 26.9026 2.81182 28.3141C2.95951 29.7256 3.40701 31.0892 4.12437 32.3138C5.18791 34.1659 6.8123 35.6322 8.76321 36.5013C10.7141 37.3704 12.8907 37.5973 14.9789 37.1492C15.9208 38.2107 17.0786 39.0587 18.3747 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28.1759C35.1103 29.3086 33.9415 30.1717 32.6047 30.6641C32.6047 30.5947 32.6047 30.4733 32.6047 30.3889V21.188C32.6066 20.9586 32.5474 20.7328 32.4332 20.5338C32.319 20.3348 32.154 20.1698 31.955 20.0556ZM35.3055 15.0128C35.2464 14.9765 35.1431 14.9142 35.069 14.8717L27.1045 10.2712C26.906 10.1554 26.6803 10.0943 26.4504 10.0943C26.2206 10.0943 25.9948 10.1554 25.7963 10.2712L16.0726 15.8858V11.9982C16.0715 11.9783 16.0753 11.9585 16.0837 11.9405C16.0921 11.9225 16.1048 11.9068 16.1207 11.8949L24.1719 7.25025C25.4053 6.53903 26.8158 6.19376 28.2383 6.25482C29.6608 6.31589 31.0364 6.78077 32.2044 7.59508C33.3723 8.40939 34.2842 9.53945 34.8334 10.8531C35.3826 12.1667 35.5464 13.6095 35.3055 15.0128ZM14.2424 21.9419L10.8752 19.9981C10.8576 19.9893 10.8423 19.9763 10.8309 19.9602C10.8195 19.9441 10.8122 19.9254 10.8098 19.9058V10.6071C10.8107 9.18295 11.2173 7.78848 11.9819 6.58696C12.7466 5.38544 13.8377 4.42659 15.1275 3.82264C16.4173 3.21869 17.8524 2.99464 19.2649 3.1767C20.6775 3.35876 22.0089 3.93941 23.1034 4.85067C23.0427 4.88379 22.937 4.94215 22.8668 4.98473L14.9024 9.58517C14.7025 9.69878 14.5366 9.86356 14.4215 10.0626C14.3065 10.2616 14.2466 10.4877 14.2479 10.7175L14.2424 21.9419ZM16.071 17.9991L20.4018 15.4978L24.7325 17.9975V22.9985L20.4018 25.4983L16.071 22.9985V17.9991Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div></div></div></div></div><div class="group/conversation-turn relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn"><div class="flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3"><div class="flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full"><div data-message-author-role="assistant" data-message-id="dee5d242-30b6-460d-b680-af11e691dc87" dir="auto" class="min-h-[20px] text-message flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&]:mt-5 overflow-x-auto"><div class="flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden first:pt-[3px]"><div class="markdown prose w-full break-words dark:prose-invert dark"><p>Certainly! Here's a satirical and slightly exaggerated narrative introduction for your essay on the Lunar Lunch Theory:</p><hr><p>Once upon a time, in a galaxy not-so-far away, our humble little Earth, in its quest to spice up its otherwise monotonous geological life, went on a blind date with a celestial sledgehammer called Theia. Spoiler alert: it didn’t end with a polite goodbye and a promise to text later. No, this cataclysmic rendezvous sent shockwaves across the solar system, ringing dinner bells for a grand cosmic event that would later be cheekily dubbed the "Lunar Lunch Theory."</p><p>The aftermath? A spinning, molten-hot, heartbroken mess, and a rather oversized doughnut in the sky that we now call the Moon. Romantic, isn't it? This wasn't your run-of-the-mill breakup; this was the stuff of legends, the kind of dramatic twist that would make even the most seasoned soap opera writers blush. Earth, in its fiery angst, churned and roiled, mixing and mashing its broken pieces like a chef kneading dough, giving rise to the Earth's new crust and, eventually, leasing out spaces on its surface for the first microbial Airbnb guests.</p><p>Enter the ocean tides, Earth’s own version of a deep-tissue massage. These weren’t just any tides; they were massive, relentless, and tirelessly sculpting the planet's features, turning ordinary rock into the kind of ritzy, upscale clay that today’s spa-goers can only dream of. It was in these mineral-rich clay spas where the first signs of life decided to check in, kick back, and multiply. Ah, the serenity of primordial soup, the very essence of early Earth wellness retreats!</p><p>But why stop at the water’s edge? The theory hints that life, ever the opportunist, took its venture deeper, to the mysterious, alluring abyss of the ocean floor. There, amidst the towering chimneys of hydrothermal vents and the shadowy realms of underwater volcanoes, life found a way. These places, which might as well have hung a “No Sunlight, No Problem!” sign, hosted the formation of Earth’s own internal power stations – geobatteries! These weren’t your everyday AAAs; these were colossal, natural batteries cranking out energy and possibly contributing to the production of the now-trending ‘dark oxygen.’</p><p>So, as outlandish as it may sound, Earth’s early days were less about calm placidity and more about extreme makeovers and radical energy solutions. The Lunar Lunch Theory isn’t just a tale of celestial impacts and romantic moonlight. It’s a story of resilience, innovation, and life’s uncanny ability to find a seat at the table, even when the table is a chaotic, spinning synestia.</p><p>In essence, if this theory were a movie, it’d be a blockbuster mix of drama, romance, and sci-fi, with Earth donning the lead role of a plucky hero who turns a disastrous first date into a thriving, life-sustaining planet. Queue the dramatic, inspirational music, and pass the popcorn.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="mt-1 flex gap-3 empty:hidden -ml-2"><div class="items-center justify-start rounded-xl p-1 flex"><div class="flex items-center"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11 4.91a.5.5 0 0 0-.838-.369L6.676 7.737A1 1 0 0 1 6 8H4a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v6a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h2a1 1 0 0 1 .676.263l3.486 3.196A.5.5 0 0 0 11 19.09zM8.81 3.067C10.415 1.597 13 2.735 13 4.91v14.18c0 2.175-2.586 3.313-4.19 1.843L5.612 18H4a3 3 0 0 1-3-3V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h1.611zm11.507 3.29a1 1 0 0 1 1.355.401A10.96 10.96 0 0 1 23 12c0 1.85-.458 3.597-1.268 5.13a1 1 0 1 1-1.768-.934A8.96 8.96 0 0 0 21 12a8.96 8.96 0 0 0-1.085-4.287 1 1 0 0 1 .402-1.356M15.799 7.9a1 1 0 0 1 1.4.2 6.48 6.48 0 0 1 1.3 3.9c0 1.313-.39 2.537-1.06 3.56a1 1 0 0 1-1.673-1.096A4.47 4.47 0 0 0 16.5 12a4.47 4.47 0 0 0-.9-2.7 1 1 0 0 1 .2-1.4" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7 5a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h9a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v9a3 3 0 0 1-3 3h-2v2a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H5a3 3 0 0 1-3-3v-9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h2zm2 2h5a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v5h2a1 1 0 0 0 1-1V5a1 1 0 0 0-1-1h-9a1 1 0 0 0-1 1zM5 9a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v9a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h9a1 1 0 0 0 1-1v-9a1 1 0 0 0-1-1z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" d="M3.07 10.876C3.623 6.436 7.41 3 12 3a9.15 9.15 0 0 1 6.012 2.254V4a1 1 0 1 1 2 0v4a1 1 0 0 1-1 1H15a1 1 0 1 1 0-2h1.957A7.15 7.15 0 0 0 12 5a7 7 0 0 0-6.946 6.124 1 1 0 1 1-1.984-.248m16.992 1.132a1 1 0 0 1 .868 1.116C20.377 17.564 16.59 21 12 21a9.15 9.15 0 0 1-6-2.244V20a1 1 0 1 1-2 0v-4a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h4a1 1 0 1 1 0 2H7.043A7.15 7.15 0 0 0 12 19a7 7 0 0 0 6.946-6.124 1 1 0 0 1 1.116-.868"></path></svg></span></button></span><div class="flex"><span class="" data-state="closed"><button class="rounded-lg text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><span class="flex h-[30px] w-[30px] items-center justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-md-heavy"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.873 21.496a1 1 0 0 1-.992.496l-.454-.056A4 4 0 0 1 7.1 16.79L7.65 15h-.718c-2.637 0-4.553-2.508-3.859-5.052l1.364-5A4 4 0 0 1 8.296 2h9.709a3 3 0 0 1 3 3v7a3 3 0 0 1-3 3h-2c-.26 0-.5.14-.628.364zM14.005 4h-5.71a2 2 0 0 0-1.929 1.474l-1.363 5A2 2 0 0 0 6.933 13h2.072a1 1 0 0 1 .955 1.294l-.949 3.084a2 2 0 0 0 1.462 2.537l3.167-5.543a2.72 2.72 0 0 1 1.364-1.182V5a1 1 0 0 0-1-1m3 9V5c0-.35-.06-.687-.171-1h1.17a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v7a1 1 0 0 1-1 1z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></button></span></div><span class="" data-state="closed"><button type="button" id="radix-:r6n:" aria-haspopup="menu" aria-expanded="false" data-state="closed" class="cursor-pointer h-[30px] rounded-md px-1 text-token-text-secondary hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><div class="flex items-center pb-0"><div class="[&_svg]:h-full [&_svg]:w-full icon-md h-4 w-4"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" d="M12.001 1.5a1 1 0 0 1 .993.887c.313 2.77 1.153 4.775 2.5 6.146 1.34 1.366 3.3 2.223 6.095 2.47a1 1 0 0 1-.003 1.993c-2.747.238-4.75 1.094-6.123 2.467-1.373 1.374-2.229 3.376-2.467 6.123a1 1 0 0 1-1.992.003c-.248-2.795-1.105-4.754-2.47-6.095-1.372-1.347-3.376-2.187-6.147-2.5a1 1 0 0 1-.002-1.987c2.818-.325 4.779-1.165 6.118-2.504 1.339-1.34 2.179-3.3 2.504-6.118A1 1 0 0 1 12 1.5ZM6.725 11.998c1.234.503 2.309 1.184 3.21 2.069.877.861 1.56 1.888 2.063 3.076.5-1.187 1.18-2.223 2.051-3.094.871-.87 1.907-1.55 3.094-2.05-1.188-.503-2.215-1.187-3.076-2.064-.885-.901-1.566-1.976-2.069-3.21-.505 1.235-1.19 2.3-2.081 3.192-.891.89-1.957 1.576-3.192 2.082Z"></path></svg></div><span class="overflow-hidden text-clip whitespace-nowrap text-sm" style="opacity: 0; padding-left: 0px; width: 0px;">4</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="icon-sm text-token-text-quaternary"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.293 9.293a1 1 0 0 1 1.414 0L12 14.586l5.293-5.293a1 1 0 1 1 1.414 1.414l-6 6a1 1 0 0 1-1.414 0l-6-6a1 1 0 0 1 0-1.414" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div></button></span></div></div></div><div class="pr-2 lg:pr-0"></div><div class="mt-3 w-full empty:hidden"><div class="text-center"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="md:pt-0 dark:border-white/20 md:border-transparent md:dark:border-transparent w-full"><div class="text-base px-3 md:px-4 m-auto md:px-5 lg:px-1 xl:px-5"><div class="mx-auto flex flex-1 gap-4 text-base md:gap-5 lg:gap-6 md:max-w-3xl lg:max-w-[40rem] xl:max-w-[48rem]"><form class="w-full" type="button" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="radix-:r4h:" data-state="closed"><div class="relative flex h-full max-w-full flex-1 flex-col"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-0 right-0 z-20"></div><div class="flex w-full items-center"><div class="flex w-full flex-col gap-1.5 rounded-[26px] p-1.5 transition-colors bg-[#f4f4f4] dark:bg-token-main-surface-secondary"><div class="flex items-end gap-1.5 md:gap-2"><div><div class="flex flex-col"><input multiple="" type="file" tabindex="-1" class="hidden" style="display: none;"><button type="button" id="radix-:r4n:" aria-haspopup="menu" aria-expanded="false" data-state="closed" class="text-token-text-primary border border-transparent inline-flex items-center justify-center gap-1 rounded-lg text-sm dark:transparent dark:bg-transparent leading-none outline-none cursor-pointer hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary dark:hover:bg-token-main-surface-secondary focus-visible:bg-token-main-surface-secondary radix-state-active:text-token-text-secondary radix-disabled:cursor-auto radix-disabled:bg-transparent radix-disabled:text-token-text-tertiary dark:radix-disabled:bg-transparent m-0 h-0 w-0 border-none bg-transparent p-0"></button><button class="flex items-center justify-center h-8 w-8 rounded-full text-token-text-primary focus-visible:outline-black dark:text-white dark:focus-visible:outline-white mb-1 ml-1.5" aria-disabled="false"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M9 7a5 5 0 0 1 10 0v8a7 7 0 1 1-14 0V9a1 1 0 0 1 2 0v6a5 5 0 0 0 10 0V7a3 3 0 1 0-6 0v8a1 1 0 1 0 2 0V9a1 1 0 1 1 2 0v6a3 3 0 1 1-6 0z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></button><div type="button" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="radix-:r4p:" data-state="closed"></div></div></div><div class="flex min-w-0 flex-1 flex-col"><textarea id="prompt-textarea" tabindex="0" data-id="dee5d242-30b6-460d-b680-af11e691dc87" dir="auto" rows="1" placeholder="Envía un mensaje a ChatGPT" class="m-0 resize-none border-0 bg-transparent px-0 text-token-text-primary focus:ring-0 focus-visible:ring-0 max-h-[25dvh] max-h-52" style="height: 40px; overflow-y: hidden;"></textarea></div><button disabled="" data-testid="send-button" class="mb-1 me-1 flex h-8 w-8 items-center justify-center rounded-full bg-black text-white transition-colors hover:opacity-70 focus-visible:outline-none focus-visible:outline-black disabled:bg-[#D7D7D7] disabled:text-[#f4f4f4] disabled:hover:opacity-100 dark:bg-white dark:text-black dark:focus-visible:outline-white disabled:dark:bg-token-text-quaternary dark:disabled:text-token-main-surface-secondary"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="32" height="32" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 32 32" class="icon-2xl"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M15.192 8.906a1.143 1.143 0 0 1 1.616 0l5.143 5.143a1.143 1.143 0 0 1-1.616 1.616l-3.192-3.192v9.813a1.143 1.143 0 0 1-2.286 0v-9.813l-3.192 3.192a1.143 1.143 0 1 1-1.616-1.616z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></button></div></div></div></div></form></div></div><div class="relative px-2 py-2 text-center text-xs text-token-text-secondary md:px-[60px]"><span>ChatGPT puede cometer errores. Comprueba la información importante.</span></div></div></div><div class="group absolute bottom-2 end-2 z-10 hidden gap-1 md:flex lg:bottom-3 lg:end-3"><button class="flex h-6 w-6 items-center justify-center rounded-full border border-token-border-light text-xs text-token-text-secondary" type="button" id="radix-:r4i:" aria-haspopup="menu" aria-expanded="false" data-state="closed">?</button></div></main></div></div><audio class="fixed bottom-0 left-0 hidden h-0 w-0" autoplay="" crossorigin="anonymous"></audio></div><next-route-announcer><p aria-live="assertive" id="__next-route-announcer__" role="alert" style="border: 0px; clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap; overflow-wrap: normal;">ChatGPT</p></next-route-announcer><div portal-container=""><span class="pointer-events-none fixed inset-0 z-[60] mx-auto my-2 flex max-w-[560px] flex-col items-stretch justify-start md:pb-5"></span></div></body></html>
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h1 { font-size: 1.875rem; line-height: 2.25rem; }
h1, h2, h3 { font-weight: 600; }
h2, h3 { font-size: 1.5rem; line-height: 2rem; }
input[type="number"]::-webkit-inner-spin-button, input[type="number"]::-webkit-outer-spin-button { appearance: none; margin: 0px; }
*, ::after, ::before { --tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-pan-x: ; --tw-pan-y: ; --tw-pinch-zoom: ; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-gradient-from-position: ; --tw-gradient-via-position: ; --tw-gradient-to-position: ; --tw-ordinal: ; --tw-slashed-zero: ; --tw-numeric-figure: ; --tw-numeric-spacing: ; --tw-numeric-fraction: ; --tw-ring-inset: ; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-color: rgba(69,89,164,.5); --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 transparent; --tw-blur: ; --tw-brightness: ; --tw-contrast: ; --tw-grayscale: ; --tw-hue-rotate: ; --tw-invert: ; --tw-saturate: ; --tw-sepia: ; --tw-drop-shadow: ; --tw-backdrop-blur: ; --tw-backdrop-brightness: ; --tw-backdrop-contrast: ; --tw-backdrop-grayscale: ; --tw-backdrop-hue-rotate: ; --tw-backdrop-invert: ; --tw-backdrop-opacity: ; --tw-backdrop-saturate: ; --tw-backdrop-sepia: ; --tw-contain-size: ; --tw-contain-layout: ; --tw-contain-paint: ; --tw-contain-style: ; }
::backdrop { --tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-pan-x: ; --tw-pan-y: ; --tw-pinch-zoom: ; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-gradient-from-position: ; --tw-gradient-via-position: ; --tw-gradient-to-position: ; --tw-ordinal: ; --tw-slashed-zero: ; --tw-numeric-figure: ; --tw-numeric-spacing: ; --tw-numeric-fraction: ; --tw-ring-inset: ; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-color: rgba(69,89,164,.5); --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 transparent; --tw-blur: ; --tw-brightness: ; --tw-contrast: ; --tw-grayscale: ; --tw-hue-rotate: ; --tw-invert: ; --tw-saturate: ; --tw-sepia: ; --tw-drop-shadow: ; --tw-backdrop-blur: ; --tw-backdrop-brightness: ; --tw-backdrop-contrast: ; --tw-backdrop-grayscale: ; --tw-backdrop-hue-rotate: ; --tw-backdrop-invert: ; --tw-backdrop-opacity: ; --tw-backdrop-saturate: ; --tw-backdrop-sepia: ; --tw-contain-size: ; --tw-contain-layout: ; --tw-contain-paint: ; --tw-contain-style: ; }
:root { --white: #fff; --black: #000; --gray-50: #f9f9f9; --gray-100: #ececec; --gray-200: #e3e3e3; --gray-300: #cdcdcd; --gray-400: #b4b4b4; --gray-500: #9b9b9b; --gray-600: #676767; --gray-700: #424242; --gray-750: #2f2f2f; --gray-800: #212121; --gray-900: #171717; --gray-950: #0d0d0d; --red-500: #ef4444; --red-700: #b91c1c; --brand-purple: #ab68ff; }
html { --text-primary: var(--gray-950); --text-secondary: #7d7d7d; --text-tertiary: var(--gray-400); --text-quaternary: var(--gray-300); --text-error: #f93a37; --surface-error: 249 58 55; --border-light: rgba(0,0,0,.1); --border-medium: rgba(0,0,0,.15); --border-heavy: rgba(0,0,0,.2); --border-xheavy: rgba(0,0,0,.25); --main-surface-primary: var(--white); --main-surface-secondary: var(--gray-50); --main-surface-tertiary: var(--gray-100); --sidebar-surface-primary: var(--gray-50); --sidebar-surface-secondary: var(--gray-100); --sidebar-surface-tertiary: var(--gray-200); --link: #2964aa; --link-hover: #749ac8; --selection: #007aff; }
.dark { --text-primary: var(--gray-100); --text-secondary: var(--gray-400); --text-tertiary: var(--gray-500); --text-quaternary: var(--gray-600); --text-error: #f93a37; --border-light: hsla(0,0%,100%,.1); --border-medium: hsla(0,0%,100%,.15); --border-heavy: hsla(0,0%,100%,.2); --border-xheavy: hsla(0,0%,100%,.25); --main-surface-primary: var(--gray-800); --main-surface-secondary: var(--gray-750); --main-surface-tertiary: var(--gray-700); --sidebar-surface-primary: var(--gray-900); --sidebar-surface-secondary: var(--gray-800); --sidebar-surface-tertiary: var(--gray-750); --link: #7ab7ff; --link-hover: #5e83b3; --surface-error: 249 58 55; }
.popover { --main-surface-primary: var(--white) !important; --main-surface-secondary: var(--gray-100) !important; --main-surface-tertiary: var(--gray-200) !important; --sidebar-surface-primary: var(--white) !important; }
.dark .popover, .dark.popover, .popover .dark { --main-surface-primary: var(--gray-750) !important; --main-surface-secondary: var(--gray-700) !important; --main-surface-tertiary: var(--gray-600) !important; --text-primary: var(--gray-50) !important; --text-secondary: var(--gray-200) !important; --text-tertiary: var(--gray-400) !important; --text-quaternary: var(--gray-500) !important; --sidebar-surface-primary: var(--gray-750) !important; }
textarea:focus { border-color: inherit; box-shadow: none; outline: none; }
.container { width: 100%; }
@media (min-width: 480px) {
.container { max-width: 480px; }
}
@media (min-width: 640px) {
.container { max-width: 640px; }
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
.container { max-width: 768px; }
}
@media (min-width: 1024px) {
.container { max-width: 1024px; }
}
@media (min-width: 1280px) {
.container { max-width: 1280px; }
}
@media (min-width: 1536px) {
.container { max-width: 1536px; }
}
.prose { color: var(--tw-prose-body); max-width: 65ch; }
.prose :where([class~="lead"]):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: var(--tw-prose-lead); font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.6; margin-bottom: 1.2em; margin-top: 1.2em; }
.prose :where(a):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: var(--tw-prose-links); font-weight: 500; text-decoration: underline; }
.prose :where(strong):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: var(--tw-prose-bold); font-weight: 600; }
.prose :where(a strong):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: inherit; }
.prose :where(blockquote strong):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: inherit; }
.prose :where(thead th strong):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: inherit; }
.prose :where(ol):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 1.25em; margin-top: 1.25em; }
[dir="ltr"] .prose :where(ol):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { padding-left: 1.625em; }
[dir="rtl"] .prose :where(ol):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { padding-right: 1.625em; }
.prose :where(ol[type="A"]):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { list-style-type: upper-alpha; }
.prose :where(ol[type="a"]):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { list-style-type: lower-alpha; }
.prose :where():not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { list-style-type: upper-alpha; }
.prose :where():not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { list-style-type: lower-alpha; }
.prose :where(ol[type="I"]):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { list-style-type: upper-roman; }
.prose :where(ol[type="i"]):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { list-style-type: lower-roman; }
.prose :where():not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { list-style-type: upper-roman; }
.prose :where():not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { list-style-type: lower-roman; }
.prose :where(ol[type="1"]):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { list-style-type: decimal; }
.prose :where(ul):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { list-style-type: disc; margin-bottom: 1.25em; margin-top: 1.25em; }
[dir="ltr"] .prose :where(ul):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { padding-left: 1.625em; }
[dir="rtl"] .prose :where(ul):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { padding-right: 1.625em; }
.prose :where(ol > li):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *))::marker { color: var(--tw-prose-counters); font-weight: 400; }
.prose :where(ul > li):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *))::marker { color: var(--tw-prose-bullets); }
.prose :where(hr):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { border-color: var(--tw-prose-hr); border-top-width: 1px; margin-bottom: 3em; margin-top: 3em; }
.prose :where(blockquote):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: var(--tw-prose-quotes); font-style: normal; font-weight: 500; margin-bottom: 1.6em; margin-top: 1.6em; quotes: "“" "”" "‘" "’"; }
[dir="ltr"] .prose :where(blockquote):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { border-left-color: var(--tw-prose-quote-borders); border-left-width: 0.25rem; padding-left: 1em; }
[dir="rtl"] .prose :where(blockquote):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { border-right-color: var(--tw-prose-quote-borders); border-right-width: 0.25rem; padding-right: 1em; }
.prose :where(blockquote p:first-of-type):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *))::before { content: open-quote; }
.prose :where(blockquote p:last-of-type):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *))::after { content: close-quote; }
.prose :where(h1):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: var(--tw-prose-headings); font-size: 2.25em; font-weight: 800; line-height: 1.11111; margin-bottom: 0.888889em; margin-top: 0px; }
.prose :where(h1 strong):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: inherit; font-weight: 900; }
.prose :where(h2):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: var(--tw-prose-headings); font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.33333; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 2em; }
.prose :where(h2 strong):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: inherit; font-weight: 800; }
.prose :where(h3):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: var(--tw-prose-headings); font-size: 1.25em; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.6; margin-bottom: 0.6em; margin-top: 1.6em; }
.prose :where(h3 strong):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: inherit; font-weight: 700; }
.prose :where(h4):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: var(--tw-prose-headings); font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 1.5em; }
.prose :where(h4 strong):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: inherit; font-weight: 700; }
.prose :where(img):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 2em; margin-top: 2em; }
.prose :where(figure > *):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; }
.prose :where(figcaption):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: var(--tw-prose-captions); font-size: 0.875em; line-height: 1.42857; margin-top: 0.857143em; }
.prose :where(code):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: var(--tw-prose-code); font-size: 0.875em; font-weight: 600; }
.prose :where(code):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *))::before { content: "`"; }
.prose :where(code):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *))::after { content: "`"; }
.prose :where(a code):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: inherit; }
.prose :where(h1 code):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: inherit; }
.prose :where(h2 code):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: inherit; font-size: 0.875em; }
.prose :where(h3 code):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: inherit; font-size: 0.9em; }
.prose :where(h4 code):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: inherit; }
.prose :where(blockquote code):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: inherit; }
.prose :where(thead th code):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: inherit; }
.prose :where(pre):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0.375rem; color: currentcolor; font-size: 0.875em; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.71429; margin: 0px; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0px; }
.prose :where(pre code):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px; border-width: 0px; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; padding: 0px; }
.prose :where(pre code):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *))::before { content: none; }
.prose :where(pre code):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *))::after { content: none; }
.prose :where(table):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { font-size: 0.875em; line-height: 1.71429; margin-bottom: 2em; margin-top: 2em; table-layout: auto; width: 100%; }
[dir="ltr"] .prose :where(table):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { text-align: left; }
[dir="rtl"] .prose :where(table):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { text-align: right; }
.prose :where(thead):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { border-bottom-color: var(--tw-prose-th-borders); border-bottom-width: 1px; }
.prose :where(thead th):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { color: var(--tw-prose-headings); font-weight: 600; padding-bottom: 0.571429em; padding-left: 0.571429em; padding-right: 0.571429em; vertical-align: bottom; }
.prose :where(tbody tr):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { border-bottom-color: var(--tw-prose-td-borders); border-bottom-width: 1px; }
.prose :where(tbody tr:last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { border-bottom-width: 0px; }
.prose :where(tbody td):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { vertical-align: baseline; }
.prose :where(tfoot):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { border-top-color: var(--tw-prose-th-borders); border-top-width: 1px; }
.prose :where(tfoot td):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { vertical-align: top; }
.prose { --tw-prose-body: var(--text-primary); --tw-prose-headings: var(--text-primary); --tw-prose-lead: var(--text-primary); --tw-prose-links: var(--text-primary); --tw-prose-bold: var(--text-primary); --tw-prose-counters: var(--text-primary); --tw-prose-bullets: var(--text-primary); --tw-prose-hr: var(--border-xheavy); --tw-prose-quotes: var(--text-primary); --tw-prose-quote-borders: #e5e7eb; --tw-prose-captions: var(--text-secondary); --tw-prose-code: var(--text-primary); --tw-prose-pre-code: #e5e7eb; --tw-prose-pre-bg: #1f2937; --tw-prose-th-borders: #d1d5db; --tw-prose-td-borders: #e5e7eb; --tw-prose-invert-body: var(--text-primary); --tw-prose-invert-headings: var(--text-primary); --tw-prose-invert-lead: var(--text-primary); --tw-prose-invert-links: var(--text-primary); --tw-prose-invert-bold: var(--text-primary); --tw-prose-invert-counters: var(--text-primary); --tw-prose-invert-bullets: var(--text-primary); --tw-prose-invert-hr: var(--border-xheavy); --tw-prose-invert-quotes: var(--text-primary); --tw-prose-invert-quote-borders: #374151; --tw-prose-invert-captions: var(--text-secondary); --tw-prose-invert-code: var(--text-primary); --tw-prose-invert-pre-code: #d1d5db; --tw-prose-invert-pre-bg: rgba(0,0,0,.5); --tw-prose-invert-th-borders: #4b5563; --tw-prose-invert-td-borders: #374151; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; }
.prose :where(p):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 1.25em; margin-top: 1.25em; }
.prose :where(video):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 2em; margin-top: 2em; }
.prose :where(figure):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 2em; margin-top: 2em; }
.prose :where(li):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; }
[dir="ltr"] .prose :where(ol > li):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { padding-left: 0.375em; }
[dir="rtl"] .prose :where(ol > li):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { padding-right: 0.375em; }
[dir="ltr"] .prose :where(ul > li):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { padding-left: 0.375em; }
[dir="rtl"] .prose :where(ul > li):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { padding-right: 0.375em; }
.prose :where(.prose > ul > li p):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 0.75em; margin-top: 0.75em; }
.prose :where(.prose > ul > li > :first-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-top: 1.25em; }
.prose :where(.prose > ul > li > :last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 1.25em; }
.prose :where(.prose > ol > li > :first-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-top: 1.25em; }
.prose :where(.prose > ol > li > :last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 1.25em; }
.prose :where(ul ul, ul ol, ol ul, ol ol):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 0.75em; margin-top: 0.75em; }
.prose :where(hr + *):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-top: 0px; }
.prose :where(h2 + *):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-top: 0px; }
.prose :where(h3 + *):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-top: 0px; }
.prose :where(h4 + *):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-top: 0px; }
[dir="ltr"] .prose :where(thead th:first-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { padding-left: 0px; }
[dir="rtl"] .prose :where(thead th:first-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { padding-right: 0px; }
[dir="ltr"] .prose :where(thead th:last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { padding-right: 0px; }
[dir="rtl"] .prose :where(thead th:last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { padding-left: 0px; }
.prose :where(tbody td, tfoot td):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { padding: 0.571429em; }
[dir="ltr"] .prose :where(tbody td:first-child, tfoot td:first-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { padding-left: 0px; }
[dir="rtl"] .prose :where(tbody td:first-child, tfoot td:first-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { padding-right: 0px; }
[dir="ltr"] .prose :where(tbody td:last-child, tfoot td:last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { padding-right: 0px; }
[dir="rtl"] .prose :where(tbody td:last-child, tfoot td:last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { padding-left: 0px; }
.prose :where(.prose > :first-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-top: 0px; }
.prose :where(.prose > :last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 0px; }
.prose-sm :where(.prose > ul > li p):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 0.571429em; margin-top: 0.571429em; }
.prose-sm :where(.prose > ul > li > :first-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-top: 1.14286em; }
.prose-sm :where(.prose > ul > li > :last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 1.14286em; }
.prose-sm :where(.prose > ol > li > :first-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-top: 1.14286em; }
.prose-sm :where(.prose > ol > li > :last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 1.14286em; }
.prose-sm :where(.prose > :first-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-top: 0px; }
.prose-sm :where(.prose > :last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 0px; }
.prose-base :where(.prose > ul > li p):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 0.75em; margin-top: 0.75em; }
.prose-base :where(.prose > ul > li > :first-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-top: 1.25em; }
.prose-base :where(.prose > ul > li > :last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 1.25em; }
.prose-base :where(.prose > ol > li > :first-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-top: 1.25em; }
.prose-base :where(.prose > ol > li > :last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 1.25em; }
.prose-base :where(.prose > :first-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-top: 0px; }
.prose-base :where(.prose > :last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 0px; }
.prose-lg :where(.prose > ul > li p):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 0.888889em; margin-top: 0.888889em; }
.prose-lg :where(.prose > ul > li > :first-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-top: 1.33333em; }
.prose-lg :where(.prose > ul > li > :last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 1.33333em; }
.prose-lg :where(.prose > ol > li > :first-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-top: 1.33333em; }
.prose-lg :where(.prose > ol > li > :last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 1.33333em; }
.prose-lg :where(.prose > :first-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-top: 0px; }
.prose-lg :where(.prose > :last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 0px; }
.prose-xl :where(.prose > ul > li p):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 0.8em; margin-top: 0.8em; }
.prose-xl :where(.prose > ul > li > :first-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-top: 1.2em; }
.prose-xl :where(.prose > ul > li > :last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 1.2em; }
.prose-xl :where(.prose > ol > li > :first-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-top: 1.2em; }
.prose-xl :where(.prose > ol > li > :last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 1.2em; }
.prose-xl :where(.prose > :first-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-top: 0px; }
.prose-xl :where(.prose > :last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 0px; }
.prose-2xl :where(.prose > ul > li p):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 0.833333em; margin-top: 0.833333em; }
.prose-2xl :where(.prose > ul > li > :first-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-top: 1.33333em; }
.prose-2xl :where(.prose > ul > li > :last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 1.33333em; }
.prose-2xl :where(.prose > ol > li > :first-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-top: 1.33333em; }
.prose-2xl :where(.prose > ol > li > :last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 1.33333em; }
.prose-2xl :where(.prose > :first-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-top: 0px; }
.prose-2xl :where(.prose > :last-child):not(:where([class~="not-prose"] *)) { margin-bottom: 0px; }
.form-input, .form-multiselect, .form-select, .form-textarea { --tw-shadow: 0 0 transparent; appearance: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); border-color: rgb(155, 155, 155); border-radius: 0px; border-width: 1px; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.5rem; padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem; }
.form-input:focus, .form-multiselect:focus, .form-select:focus, .form-textarea:focus { --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-color: #2563eb; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 var(--tw-ring-offset-width) var(--tw-ring-offset-color); --tw-ring-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 calc(1px + var(--tw-ring-offset-width)) var(--tw-ring-color); border-color: rgb(37, 99, 235); box-shadow: var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow),var(--tw-ring-shadow),var(--tw-shadow); outline: transparent solid 2px; outline-offset: 2px; }
[dir="ltr"] .form-input:focus, [dir="ltr"] .form-multiselect:focus, [dir="ltr"] .form-select:focus, [dir="ltr"] .form-textarea:focus { --tw-ring-inset: var(--tw-empty,/*!*/ /*!*/); }
[dir="rtl"] .form-input:focus, [dir="rtl"] .form-multiselect:focus, [dir="rtl"] .form-select:focus, [dir="rtl"] .form-textarea:focus { --tw-ring-inset: var(--tw-empty, ); }
.form-input::placeholder, .form-textarea::placeholder { color: rgb(155, 155, 155); opacity: 1; }
.form-input::-webkit-datetime-edit-fields-wrapper { padding: 0px; }
.form-input::-webkit-date-and-time-value { min-height: 1.5em; }
.form-input::-webkit-datetime-edit, .form-input::-webkit-datetime-edit-day-field, .form-input::-webkit-datetime-edit-hour-field, .form-input::-webkit-datetime-edit-meridiem-field, .form-input::-webkit-datetime-edit-millisecond-field, .form-input::-webkit-datetime-edit-minute-field, .form-input::-webkit-datetime-edit-month-field, .form-input::-webkit-datetime-edit-second-field, .form-input::-webkit-datetime-edit-year-field { padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; }
.btn { align-items: center; border-color: transparent; border-radius: 9999px; border-width: 1px; display: inline-flex; flex-shrink: 0; font-size: 0.875rem; font-weight: 500; justify-content: center; line-height: 1.25rem; min-height: 38px; padding: 0.5rem 0.875rem; pointer-events: auto; }
.btn.focus-visible, .btn:focus { outline: transparent solid 2px; outline-offset: 2px; }
.btn:focus-visible { outline: transparent solid 2px; outline-offset: 2px; }
.btn:disabled { cursor: not-allowed; opacity: 0.5; }
.btn:active { opacity: 0.8; }
.btn-green { --tw-bg-opacity: 1; --tw-text-opacity: 1; background-color: rgba(16,163,127,var(--tw-bg-opacity)); color: rgba(255,255,255,var(--tw-text-opacity)); }
@media (hover: hover) and (pointer: fine) {
.btn-green:hover { --tw-bg-opacity: 1; background-color: rgba(26,127,100,var(--tw-bg-opacity)); }
}
.btn-green.focus-visible { --tw-ring-offset-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 var(--tw-ring-offset-width) var(--tw-ring-offset-color); --tw-ring-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 calc(2px + var(--tw-ring-offset-width)) var(--tw-ring-color); --tw-ring-opacity: 1; --tw-ring-color: rgba(25,195,125,var(--tw-ring-opacity)); --tw-ring-offset-width: 2px; box-shadow: var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow),var(--tw-ring-shadow),var(--tw-shadow,0 0 transparent); }
.btn-green:focus-visible { --tw-ring-offset-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 var(--tw-ring-offset-width) var(--tw-ring-offset-color); --tw-ring-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 calc(2px + var(--tw-ring-offset-width)) var(--tw-ring-color); --tw-ring-opacity: 1; --tw-ring-color: rgba(25,195,125,var(--tw-ring-opacity)); --tw-ring-offset-width: 2px; box-shadow: var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow),var(--tw-ring-shadow),var(--tw-shadow,0 0 transparent); }
.btn-blue { --tw-bg-opacity: 1; --tw-text-opacity: 1; background-color: rgba(0,102,222,var(--tw-bg-opacity)); color: rgba(255,255,255,var(--tw-text-opacity)); }
@media (hover: hover) and (pointer: fine) {
.btn-blue:hover { --tw-bg-opacity: 1; background-color: rgba(29,78,216,var(--tw-bg-opacity)); }
}
.btn-blue.focus-visible { --tw-ring-offset-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 var(--tw-ring-offset-width) var(--tw-ring-offset-color); --tw-ring-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 calc(2px + var(--tw-ring-offset-width)) var(--tw-ring-color); --tw-ring-opacity: 1; --tw-ring-color: rgba(29,78,216,var(--tw-ring-opacity)); --tw-ring-offset-width: 2px; box-shadow: var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow),var(--tw-ring-shadow),var(--tw-shadow,0 0 transparent); }
.btn-blue:focus-visible { --tw-ring-offset-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 var(--tw-ring-offset-width) var(--tw-ring-offset-color); --tw-ring-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 calc(2px + var(--tw-ring-offset-width)) var(--tw-ring-color); --tw-ring-opacity: 1; --tw-ring-color: rgba(29,78,216,var(--tw-ring-opacity)); --tw-ring-offset-width: 2px; box-shadow: var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow),var(--tw-ring-shadow),var(--tw-shadow,0 0 transparent); }
.btn-primary { --tw-bg-opacity: 1; --tw-text-opacity: 1; background-color: rgba(13,13,13,var(--tw-bg-opacity)); color: rgba(255,255,255,var(--tw-text-opacity)); }
@media (hover: hover) and (pointer: fine) {
.btn-primary:hover { --tw-bg-opacity: 1; background-color: rgba(33,33,33,var(--tw-bg-opacity)); }
}
.btn-primary.focus-visible { --tw-ring-offset-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 var(--tw-ring-offset-width) var(--tw-ring-offset-color); --tw-ring-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 calc(2px + var(--tw-ring-offset-width)) var(--tw-ring-color); --tw-ring-opacity: 1; --tw-ring-color: rgba(155,155,155,var(--tw-ring-opacity)); --tw-ring-offset-width: 2px; box-shadow: var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow),var(--tw-ring-shadow),var(--tw-shadow,0 0 transparent); }
.btn-primary:focus-visible { --tw-ring-offset-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 var(--tw-ring-offset-width) var(--tw-ring-offset-color); --tw-ring-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 calc(2px + var(--tw-ring-offset-width)) var(--tw-ring-color); --tw-ring-opacity: 1; --tw-ring-color: rgba(155,155,155,var(--tw-ring-opacity)); --tw-ring-offset-width: 2px; box-shadow: var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow),var(--tw-ring-shadow),var(--tw-shadow,0 0 transparent); }
.dark .btn-primary { --tw-bg-opacity: 1; --tw-text-opacity: 1; background-color: rgba(249,249,249,var(--tw-bg-opacity)); color: rgba(13,13,13,var(--tw-text-opacity)); }
@media (hover: hover) and (pointer: fine) {
.btn-primary:hover:is(.dark *) { --tw-bg-opacity: 1; background-color: rgba(236,236,236,var(--tw-bg-opacity)); }
}
.btn-danger { --tw-bg-opacity: 1; --tw-text-opacity: 1; background-color: rgba(239,68,68,var(--tw-bg-opacity)); color: rgba(255,255,255,var(--tw-text-opacity)); }
@media (hover: hover) and (pointer: fine) {
.btn-danger:hover { --tw-bg-opacity: 1; background-color: rgba(185,28,28,var(--tw-bg-opacity)); }
}
.btn-danger.focus-visible { --tw-ring-offset-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 var(--tw-ring-offset-width) var(--tw-ring-offset-color); --tw-ring-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 calc(2px + var(--tw-ring-offset-width)) var(--tw-ring-color); --tw-ring-opacity: 1; --tw-ring-color: rgba(248,113,113,var(--tw-ring-opacity)); --tw-ring-offset-width: 2px; box-shadow: var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow),var(--tw-ring-shadow),var(--tw-shadow,0 0 transparent); }
.btn-danger:focus-visible { --tw-ring-offset-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 var(--tw-ring-offset-width) var(--tw-ring-offset-color); --tw-ring-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 calc(2px + var(--tw-ring-offset-width)) var(--tw-ring-color); --tw-ring-opacity: 1; --tw-ring-color: rgba(248,113,113,var(--tw-ring-opacity)); --tw-ring-offset-width: 2px; box-shadow: var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow),var(--tw-ring-shadow),var(--tw-shadow,0 0 transparent); }
@media (hover: hover) and (pointer: fine) {
.btn-danger:disabled:hover { --tw-bg-opacity: 1; background-color: rgba(185,28,28,var(--tw-bg-opacity)); }
}
.btn-danger-outline { --tw-border-opacity: 1; --tw-text-opacity: 1; background-color: var(--main-surface-primary); border-color: rgba(220,38,38,var(--tw-border-opacity)); border-width: 1px; color: rgba(220,38,38,var(--tw-text-opacity)); }
@media (hover: hover) and (pointer: fine) {
.btn-danger-outline:hover { background-color: var(--main-surface-secondary); }
}
.btn-danger-outline.focus-visible { --tw-ring-offset-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 var(--tw-ring-offset-width) var(--tw-ring-offset-color); --tw-ring-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 calc(2px + var(--tw-ring-offset-width)) var(--tw-ring-color); --tw-ring-opacity: 1; --tw-ring-color: rgba(220,38,38,var(--tw-ring-opacity)); --tw-ring-offset-width: 2px; box-shadow: var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow),var(--tw-ring-shadow),var(--tw-shadow,0 0 transparent); }
.btn-danger-outline:focus-visible { --tw-ring-offset-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 var(--tw-ring-offset-width) var(--tw-ring-offset-color); --tw-ring-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 calc(2px + var(--tw-ring-offset-width)) var(--tw-ring-color); --tw-ring-opacity: 1; --tw-ring-color: rgba(220,38,38,var(--tw-ring-opacity)); --tw-ring-offset-width: 2px; box-shadow: var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow),var(--tw-ring-shadow),var(--tw-shadow,0 0 transparent); }
.btn-secondary { background-color: var(--main-surface-primary); border-color: var(--border-medium); border-width: 1px; color: var(--text-primary); font-size: 0.875rem; line-height: 1.25rem; }
@media (hover: hover) and (pointer: fine) {
.btn-secondary:hover { background-color: var(--main-surface-secondary); }
}
.btn-secondary.focus-visible { --tw-ring-offset-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 var(--tw-ring-offset-width) var(--tw-ring-offset-color); --tw-ring-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 calc(2px + var(--tw-ring-offset-width)) var(--tw-ring-color); --tw-ring-opacity: 1; --tw-ring-color: rgba(103,103,103,var(--tw-ring-opacity)); --tw-ring-offset-width: 2px; box-shadow: var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow),var(--tw-ring-shadow),var(--tw-shadow,0 0 transparent); }
.btn-secondary:focus-visible { --tw-ring-offset-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 var(--tw-ring-offset-width) var(--tw-ring-offset-color); --tw-ring-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 calc(2px + var(--tw-ring-offset-width)) var(--tw-ring-color); --tw-ring-opacity: 1; --tw-ring-color: rgba(103,103,103,var(--tw-ring-opacity)); --tw-ring-offset-width: 2px; box-shadow: var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow),var(--tw-ring-shadow),var(--tw-shadow,0 0 transparent); }
@media (hover: hover) and (pointer: fine) {
.btn-ghost:hover { background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05); }
}
.btn-ghost.focus-visible { --tw-ring-offset-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 var(--tw-ring-offset-width) var(--tw-ring-offset-color); --tw-ring-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 calc(2px + var(--tw-ring-offset-width)) var(--tw-ring-color); --tw-ring-color: rgba(0,0,0,.05); box-shadow: var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow),var(--tw-ring-shadow),var(--tw-shadow,0 0 transparent); outline: transparent solid 2px; outline-offset: 2px; }
.btn-ghost:focus-visible { --tw-ring-offset-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 var(--tw-ring-offset-width) var(--tw-ring-offset-color); --tw-ring-shadow: var(--tw-ring-inset) 0 0 0 calc(2px + var(--tw-ring-offset-width)) var(--tw-ring-color); --tw-ring-color: rgba(0,0,0,.05); box-shadow: var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow),var(--tw-ring-shadow),var(--tw-shadow,0 0 transparent); outline: transparent solid 2px; outline-offset: 2px; }
@media (hover: hover) and (pointer: fine) {
.btn-ghost:hover:is(.dark *) { background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1); }
}
.btn-small { min-height: 30px; padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem; }
.btn-giant, .btn-large { min-height: 46px; }
.btn-large { padding: 0.75rem 1rem; }
.btn-giant { font-size: 1rem; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.5rem; padding: 0.625rem 1.5rem; }
.divide-token-border-light > :not([hidden]) ~ :not([hidden]) { border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); }
.border-token-border-heavy { border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); }
.border-token-border-light { border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); }
.border-token-border-medium { border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); }
.border-token-border-xheavy { border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25); }
.border-token-main-surface-primary { }
.border-token-main-surface-secondary { }
.border-token-main-surface-tertiary { }
.border-token-surface-error\/15 { border-color: rgba(249, 58, 55, 0.15); }
.border-token-text-primary { }
.border-token-text-secondary { border-color: rgb(125, 125, 125); }
.border-token-text-tertiary { }
.border-y-token-border-medium { border-bottom-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); border-top-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); }
[dir="ltr"] .border-l-token-sidebar-surface-secondary { }
[dir="rtl"] .border-l-token-sidebar-surface-secondary { }
.\!bg-token-main-surface-primary { }
.\!bg-token-text-primary { }
.bg-token-border-light { background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); }
.bg-token-border-medium { background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); }
.bg-token-main-surface-primary { }
.bg-token-main-surface-secondary { }
.bg-token-main-surface-tertiary { }
.bg-token-sidebar-surface-primary { }
.bg-token-sidebar-surface-secondary { }
.bg-token-sidebar-surface-tertiary { }
.bg-token-surface-error { background-color: rgba(249,58,55,var(--tw-bg-opacity)); }
.bg-token-text-primary { }
.bg-token-text-quaternary { }
.bg-token-text-secondary { background-color: rgb(125, 125, 125); }
.bg-token-text-tertiary { }
.fill-token-main-surface-primary { }
.stroke-token-main-surface-tertiary { }
.\!text-token-main-surface-primary { }
.\!text-token-text-primary { }
.text-token-link { color: rgb(41, 100, 170); }
.text-token-main-surface-primary { }
.text-token-main-surface-tertiary { }
.text-token-text-error { color: rgb(249, 58, 55); }
.text-token-text-primary { }
.text-token-text-quaternary { }
.text-token-text-secondary { color: rgb(125, 125, 125); }
.text-token-text-tertiary { }
.decoration-token-link { text-decoration-color: rgb(41, 100, 170); }
.decoration-token-text-primary { }
body, html { background-color: var(--main-surface-primary); }
#__next, #root, body, html { height: 100%; }
.markdown { max-width: none; }
.markdown h1 { font-weight: 600; }
.markdown h1:first-child { margin-top: 0px; }
.markdown h2 { font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 2rem; }
.markdown h2:first-child { margin-top: 0px; }
.markdown h3 { font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 0.5rem; margin-top: 1rem; }
.markdown h3:first-child { margin-top: 0px; }
.markdown h4 { font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 0.5rem; margin-top: 1rem; }
.markdown h4:first-child { margin-top: 0px; }
.markdown h5 { font-weight: 600; }
.markdown h5:first-child { margin-top: 0px; }
.markdown blockquote { --tw-border-opacity: 1; border-color: rgba(155,155,155,var(--tw-border-opacity)); line-height: 1.5rem; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.5rem; padding-top: 0.5rem; }
[dir="ltr"] .markdown blockquote { border-left-width: 2px; padding-left: 1rem; }
[dir="rtl"] .markdown blockquote { border-right-width: 2px; padding-right: 1rem; }
.markdown blockquote > p { margin: 0px; }
.markdown blockquote > p::after, .markdown blockquote > p::before { display: none; }
.markdown table { --tw-border-spacing-x: 0px; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0px; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: var(--tw-border-spacing-x) var(--tw-border-spacing-y); margin-bottom: 0.25rem; margin-top: 0.25rem; width: 100%; }
.markdown p { margin-bottom: 0.5rem; }
.markdown p + :where(ol, ul) { margin-top: 0px; }
.markdown :where(ol, ul) > li > :last-child { margin-bottom: 0px; }
.markdown :where(ol, ul) > li > :first-child { margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; }
.markdown th { background-color: var(--border-light); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: var(--border-medium); border-top-width: 1px; padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem; }
[dir="ltr"] .markdown th { border-left-width: 1px; }
[dir="rtl"] .markdown th { border-right-width: 1px; }
[dir="ltr"] .markdown th:first-child { border-top-left-radius: 0.375rem; }
[dir="rtl"] .markdown th:first-child { border-top-right-radius: 0.375rem; }
[dir="ltr"] .markdown th:last-child { border-right-width: 1px; border-top-right-radius: 0.375rem; }
[dir="rtl"] .markdown th:last-child { border-left-width: 1px; border-top-left-radius: 0.375rem; }
.markdown td { border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: var(--border-medium); padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem; }
[dir="ltr"] .markdown td { border-left-width: 1px; }
[dir="ltr"] .markdown td:last-child, [dir="rtl"] .markdown td { border-right-width: 1px; }
[dir="rtl"] .markdown td:last-child { border-left-width: 1px; }
[dir="ltr"] .markdown tbody tr:last-child td:first-child { border-bottom-left-radius: 0.375rem; }
[dir="ltr"] .markdown tbody tr:last-child td:last-child, [dir="rtl"] .markdown tbody tr:last-child td:first-child { border-bottom-right-radius: 0.375rem; }
[dir="rtl"] .markdown tbody tr:last-child td:last-child { border-bottom-left-radius: 0.375rem; }
.markdown a { color: var(--link); font-weight: 400; text-decoration-line: none; }
@media (hover: hover) and (pointer: fine) {
.markdown a:hover { color: var(--link-hover); }
}
.gizmo .markdown > :not(pre), .gizmo .markdown > :not(pre) > :not(a) { color: var(--text-primary); }
@keyframes blink {
100% { visibility: hidden; }
}
.result-streaming > :not(ol):not(ul):not(pre):last-child::after, .result-streaming > pre:last-child code::after { content: "●"; font-family: Circle, system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; line-height: normal; vertical-align: baseline; }
[dir="ltr"] .result-streaming > :not(ol):not(ul):not(pre):last-child::after, [dir="ltr"] .result-streaming > pre:last-child code::after { margin-left: 0.25rem; }
[dir="rtl"] .result-streaming > :not(ol):not(ul):not(pre):last-child::after, [dir="rtl"] .result-streaming > pre:last-child code::after { margin-right: 0.25rem; }
.result-thinking:empty:last-child::after { -webkit-font-smoothing: subpixel-antialiased; animation: 1.25s ease-in-out 0s infinite normal none running pulseSize; backface-visibility: hidden; background-color: var(--text-primary); border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; height: 12px; position: absolute; top: 7px; transform: translateZ(0px); transform-origin: center center; width: 12px; will-change: transform; }
@supports (selector(:has(*))) {
.result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child::after, .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child::after, .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child::after, .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child::after, .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child::after, .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child::after, .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child::after, .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child::after, .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child::after, .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child::after, .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child::after, .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child::after, .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child[*|\:not-has\(]::after { content: "●"; font-family: Circle, system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; line-height: normal; vertical-align: baseline; }
.result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child:not(:has(* > li))::after { content: "●"; font-family: Circle, system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; line-height: normal; vertical-align: baseline; }
.result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child[*|\:not-has\(]::after { content: "●"; font-family: Circle, system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; line-height: normal; vertical-align: baseline; }
.result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child:not(:has(* > li))::after { content: "●"; font-family: Circle, system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; line-height: normal; vertical-align: baseline; }
[dir="ltr"] .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="ltr"] .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="ltr"] .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="ltr"] .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="ltr"] .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="ltr"] .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="ltr"] .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="ltr"] .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="ltr"] .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="ltr"] .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="ltr"] .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="ltr"] .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="ltr"] .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child[*|\:not-has\(]::after { margin-left: 0.25rem; }
[dir="ltr"] .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child:not(:has(* > li))::after { margin-left: 0.25rem; }
[dir="ltr"] .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child[*|\:not-has\(]::after { margin-left: 0.25rem; }
[dir="ltr"] .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child:not(:has(* > li))::after { margin-left: 0.25rem; }
[dir="rtl"] .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="rtl"] .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="rtl"] .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="rtl"] .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="rtl"] .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="rtl"] .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="rtl"] .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="rtl"] .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="rtl"] .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="rtl"] .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="rtl"] .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ol:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="rtl"] .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child > ul:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="rtl"] .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child[*|\:not-has\(]::after { margin-right: 0.25rem; }
[dir="rtl"] .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child:not(:has(* > li))::after { margin-right: 0.25rem; }
[dir="rtl"] .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child[*|\:not-has\(]::after { margin-right: 0.25rem; }
[dir="rtl"] .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child:not(:has(* > li))::after { margin-right: 0.25rem; }
}
@supports not (selector(:has(*))) {
.result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child::after, .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child::after { content: "●"; font-family: Circle, system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; line-height: normal; vertical-align: baseline; }
[dir="ltr"] .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="ltr"] .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child::after { margin-left: 0.25rem; }
[dir="rtl"] .result-streaming > ol:last-child > li:last-child::after, [dir="rtl"] .result-streaming > ul:last-child > li:last-child::after { margin-right: 0.25rem; }
}
.result-streaming .katex-error { display: none; }
@keyframes pulseSize {
0%, 100% { transform: scaleX(1); }
50% { transform: scale3d(1.25, 1.25, 1); }
}
@keyframes toast-open {
0% { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(-100%); }
100% { transform: translateY(0px); }
}
@keyframes toast-close {
0% { opacity: 1; }
100% { opacity: 0; }
}
.toast-root { align-items: center; display: flex; flex-direction: column; height: 0px; transition: 0.24s cubic-bezier(0, 0, 0.2, 1); }
.toast-root[data-state="entered"], .toast-root[data-state="entering"] { animation: 0.24s cubic-bezier(0.175, 0.885, 0.32, 1) 0s 1 normal both running toast-open; }
.toast-root[data-state="exiting"] { animation: 0.12s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 1, 1) 0s 1 normal both running toast-close; }
.toast-root .alert-root { box-shadow: rgba(67, 90, 111, 0.3) 0px 0px 1px, rgba(67, 90, 111, 0.3) 0px 5px 8px -4px; flex-shrink: 0; pointer-events: all; }
.title { font-feature-settings: normal; font-family: ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Noto Sans", sans-serif, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji"; font-variation-settings: normal; }
.icon-xs { stroke-width: 1.5; flex-shrink: 0; height: 0.75rem; width: 0.75rem; }
.icon-sm { stroke-width: 2; }
.icon-sm, .icon-sm-heavy { flex-shrink: 0; height: 1rem; width: 1rem; }
.icon-sm-heavy { stroke-width: 2.5; }
.icon-md { stroke-width: 1.5; }
.icon-md, .icon-md-heavy { flex-shrink: 0; height: 18px; width: 18px; }
.icon-md-heavy { stroke-width: 2.5; }
.icon-lg { stroke-width: 1.5; flex-shrink: 0; height: 1.5rem; width: 1.5rem; }
.icon-lg-heavy { stroke-width: 2; flex-shrink: 0; height: 22px; width: 22px; }
.icon-xl { stroke-width: 1.5; flex-shrink: 0; height: 1.75rem; width: 1.75rem; }
.icon-xl-heavy { stroke-width: 2; flex-shrink: 0; height: 24px; width: 24px; }
.icon-2xl { stroke-width: 1.5; flex-shrink: 0; height: 2rem; width: 2rem; }
.icon-workspace-avatar-preview { stroke-width: 1.5; height: 96px; width: 96px; }
.icon-cover { stroke-width: 1.5; height: 234px; width: 234px; }
.icon-shimmer { animation: 5s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.44, 0.38, 1.02) 0s infinite normal none running icon-shimmer; background-repeat: no-repeat; mask: linear-gradient(80deg, currentcolor 30%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.333), currentcolor 70%) right center / 300% 100%; }
@keyframes icon-shimmer {
0% { mask-position: right center; }
20% { mask-position: left center; }
100% { mask-position: left center; }
}
.loading-shimmer { -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent; animation-delay: 0.5s; animation-duration: 3s; animation-iteration-count: infinite; animation-name: loading-shimmer; background-image: ; background-position-x: ; background-position-y: ; background-attachment: ; background-origin: ; background-color: ; background-clip: text; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: 50% 200%; display: inline-block; }
[dir="ltr"] .loading-shimmer { background-position: -100% top; }
[dir="rtl"] .loading-shimmer { background-position: 200% top; }
.loading-shimmer:hover { -webkit-text-fill-color: var(--text-primary); animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; background: transparent; }
@keyframes loading-shimmer {
0% { background-position: -100% top; }
100% { background-position: 250% top; }
}
.gizmo-shadow-stroke { position: relative; }
.gizmo-shadow-stroke::after { --tw-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(0,0,0,.1); --tw-shadow-colored: inset 0 0 0 1px var(--tw-shadow-color); border-radius: 9999px; inset: 0px; content: ""; position: absolute; }
.dark .gizmo-shadow-stroke::after, .gizmo-shadow-stroke::after { box-shadow: var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow,0 0 transparent),var(--tw-ring-shadow,0 0 transparent),var(--tw-shadow); }
.dark .gizmo-shadow-stroke::after { --tw-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px hsla(0,0%,100%,.2); --tw-shadow-colored: inset 0 0 0 1px var(--tw-shadow-color); }
.no-scrollbar::-webkit-scrollbar { display: none; }
.no-scrollbar { scrollbar-width: none; }
.gizmo-bot-avatar { outline: solid 1px var(--main-surface-tertiary); }
.dark .dark\:prose-invert { --tw-prose-body: var(--tw-prose-invert-body); --tw-prose-headings: var(--tw-prose-invert-headings); --tw-prose-lead: var(--tw-prose-invert-lead); --tw-prose-links: var(--tw-prose-invert-links); --tw-prose-bold: var(--tw-prose-invert-bold); --tw-prose-counters: var(--tw-prose-invert-counters); --tw-prose-bullets: var(--tw-prose-invert-bullets); --tw-prose-hr: var(--tw-prose-invert-hr); --tw-prose-quotes: var(--tw-prose-invert-quotes); --tw-prose-quote-borders: var(--tw-prose-invert-quote-borders); --tw-prose-captions: var(--tw-prose-invert-captions); --tw-prose-code: var(--tw-prose-invert-code); --tw-prose-pre-code: var(--tw-prose-invert-pre-code); --tw-prose-pre-bg: var(--tw-prose-invert-pre-bg); --tw-prose-th-borders: var(--tw-prose-invert-th-borders); --tw-prose-td-borders: var(--tw-prose-invert-td-borders); }
.marker\:text-token-text-tertiary ::marker { }
.marker\:text-token-text-tertiary::marker { }
.placeholder\:text-token-text-tertiary::placeholder { }
.before\:bg-token-text-tertiary::before { }
.after\:bg-token-text-primary::after { }
.after\:bg-token-text-tertiary::after { }
.after\:text-token-text-primary::after { }
.focus-within\:border-token-border-xheavy[focus-within] { border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25); }
.focus-within\:border-token-border-xheavy:focus-within { border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25); }
.focus-within\:bg-token-main-surface-tertiary[focus-within] { }
.focus-within\:bg-token-main-surface-tertiary:focus-within { }
@media (hover: hover) and (pointer: fine) {
.hover\:cursor-default:hover { cursor: default; }
.hover\:cursor-pointer:hover { cursor: pointer; }
.hover\:border-gray-100:hover { --tw-border-opacity: 1; border-color: rgba(236,236,236,var(--tw-border-opacity)); }
.hover\:border-gray-300:hover { --tw-border-opacity: 1; border-color: rgba(205,205,205,var(--tw-border-opacity)); }
.hover\:border-token-border-heavy:hover { border-color: var(--border-heavy); }
.hover\:border-token-border-medium:hover { border-color: var(--border-medium); }
.hover\:bg-\[\#0077FF\]:hover { --tw-bg-opacity: 1; background-color: rgba(0,119,255,var(--tw-bg-opacity)); }